248 



FOUNDERS OF OCEANOGRAPHY 



the four chief groups of organisms present, viz. Diatoms, 

 Dinoflagellates, Copepoda and the Nauplii of Copepoda. 



Date 



and. 



Depth. 



April 3— 

 8 fathoms 



April 6 — 

 20 fathoms 



April 8 — 

 20 fathoms 



No. 



of 



hauls. 



Vol. 

 in c.c, 

 aver- 



0-2 



058 



April 13 — 

 8 fathoms 



May 25— 



20 fathoms 



August 7 — 

 20 fathoms 



September 16- 

 20 fathoms 



Greatest 

 per cent, 

 devia- 

 tion 

 from 

 average. 



0-52 



0-48 



16125 



05 



61 



(- 23 

 + 15 



Dia- 

 toms 

 ditto. 



- 51 

 + 41 



Dino- 

 flagel- 

 lates 

 ditto. 



- 42 



+ 24 



- 24 



+ 17 



- 41 

 + 73 



- 21 

 + 15 



- 36 



+ 30 



- 53 



+ 56 



Cope- 

 poda 

 ditto. 



- 14 



+ 21 



- 20 

 + 15 



- 65 

 + 44 



- 22 



+ 23 



- 27 

 + 17 



- 22 



+ 36 



- 50 

 + 42 



Cope- 

 pod 

 Nau- 

 plii 

 ditto. 



- 19 



+ 39 



- 40 

 + 22 



- 22 

 + 33 



- 72 

 + 60 



- 13 



+ 32 



- 36 



+ 53 



- 44 

 + 41 



- 39 

 + 22 



- 67 

 + 129 



- 33 



+ 66 



- 21 



+ 10 



- 31 



+ 37 



In all there are about fifty species of organisms that 

 occur with fair regularity throughout the series : twenty- 

 four species of Diatoms, four of Dinoflagellates, eight of 

 Copepoda and about fourteen other organisms or groups 

 of organisms which are not of so much importance and may 

 be omitted. Of the twenty-four species of Diatoms, as a 

 general rule, if a species occurs in one of the hauls of a series 

 it occurs in all, and in many cases in much the same propor- 

 tions in all ; that is, there may be two or three or even 



