RED SEA AND INDIAN OCEAN 



RED SEA, SERIAL SECTIONS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY 



Plate 17 



The sources of the data for the Red Sea plotted 

 on the chart are as follows: (The letters after the 

 ships' names are the abbreviations used on the 

 chart.) 



Sources of Data 



Mabahiss (MA) : Station list pp. 3-29, 1 chart. John Mur- 

 ray Expedition to the Indian Ocean 1933-34. Under 

 the leadership of Lt. Col. R. B. SejTnour Sewell, CLE., 

 F.R.S. Stations A, 1-11, 203-209, M. B. I. in the Red 

 Sea. Manuscript list from Dr. C. Crossland for sta- 

 tions occupied in 1934 and 1935. 



Magnaghi (M): Picotti, Mario, Ricerche de Oceanografia 

 Chimica, Part I— Tabelle generali della analisi clo- 

 rometriche e dei di temperatura, salinity e density : 

 Inst. Idrograf. della Reg. Marina., Ann. Idrograf., 

 vol. 11 Bis, no. 3048, pp. 1-47, 1927. 



PoLA (P): Koss, Karl, Expedition S. M. Schifl Pola in das 

 Rothe Meer: Berichte der Commission fur Oceano- 

 graphische Forschungen, 6 Reihe 1895-1896, pp. 1-572, 

 1898, and 7 Reihe, pp. 1^85, 1897-1898, 1901. 



WiLLEBRORD Snellius (SN): Van Riel, P. M., Einige 

 ozeanographische Beobachtungen im Roten Meer, Golf 

 von Aden, und Indischen Ozean: Ann. Hydrogr. und 

 marit. Meteorol., 60 Jahrg. (1932), Heft 10, pp. 401- 

 407, 1932. 



INDIAN OCEAN, SERIAL SECTIONS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY 



Plate 18 



As the base chart of this compilation there was 

 used Defant's chart entitled, "Hydrographische 

 Reihenmessungen seit 1870 im Indischen Ozean. "^ 

 The indicated data have been used by Lotte M5ller 

 in her paper cited in the footnote.^ After the data 

 obtained by the Dana were in condition for use 

 Helge Thomsen published the paper cited below,' 

 and it was followed by a discussion by Lotte Moller.'' 

 Because of the additional data procured by the 

 Dana, Thomsen thought Moller's interpretation 

 of the deep-water circulation of the Indian Ocean 

 required modification. He questioned the existence 

 of a southward moving current between depths of 

 2,000 and 3,000 meters. In 1932 Lt. Col. R. B. 

 Seymour Sewell's "Geographic and oceanographic 



' Defant, A., Die systematische Erforschung des Welt- 

 meeres: Zeitsch. der Gesellsch. fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin, 

 Jubilaums-Sonderband, 1928. 



'Moller, Lotte, Die zirkulation der Indischen Ozeans: 

 Inst. Meeresk. Berlin, Veroffentl. N. F., A. Geograph.- 

 naturwissensch. Reihe, Heft 21, pp. 1-48, 24 Abbild. im 

 Text, April, 1929. 



' Thomsen, Helge, The circulation in the depths of the 

 Indian Ocean: Cons. Internat. Expl. Mer., Jour., vol. 8, 

 pp. 73-39, 1933. 



* Moller, Lotte, Zur Frage der Tiefenzirkulation im 

 Indischen Ozean: Ann. d. Hydr. usw. 1933, Heft 7-9, pp. 

 233-236, pis. 29, 29a. 



research in Indian waters"* was published. It 

 marked a distinct advance in knowledge of the 

 oceanography of the northern part of the Indian 

 Ocean, and served as a ba.sis of a discussion by G. 

 Wiist^ of the origin of the bottom water of the Indian 

 Ocean as inferred from potential temperatures. 



In 1933-34 there was an important expedition to 

 the Indian Ocean on His Egyptian Majesty's ship 

 Mabahiss under the leadership of Lt. Col. R. B. 

 Seymour Sewell. This was the first expedition the 

 expenses of which were defrayed from a fund set 

 aside from the estate of the late Sir John Murray. 

 Therefore the expedition is called the John Murray 

 Expedition to the Indian Ocean. The reports 

 giving the results of the expedition are now being 

 published by the British Museum (Natural History). 

 The station list of the expedition has just ap- 

 peared in print. 



Professor Defant plotted on the chart published 

 by him the data available in the Institut fiir Meeres- 

 kunde up to February 1, 1928. The sources of his 

 data for the Indian Ocean are as follows: 



' Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, Mem., vol. 9, 1932. 



' Wiist, G., Anzeichen von Beziehungen zwischen Boden- 

 strom und Relief in der Tiefsee des Indischen Ozeans: Die 

 Naturwissensch. 1934, Jahrg. 22, Hft. 16, pp. 241-244, 1934. 



27 



