no 



INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF OCEANOGRAPHY 



smaller instruments — plankton indicators — used 

 on commercial fishing craft. In addition re- 

 searches into the biology of fishes and marine 

 organisms in general are undertaken by post- 

 graduate research workers. 



Equipment: 6 research laboratories, preparation 

 room, and office. 

 Small museum. 



Library forming section of general College library. 

 Photographic dark room. 



At present no research ship is employed, all the 

 work at sea being carried out with special equip- 

 ment on steamship lines and fishing craft. 



Staff: Director, Professor A. C. Hardy, M.A. Re- 

 search Biologists, G. T. D. Henderson, B.Sc, 

 Ph.D. ; C. E. Lucas, B.Sc. ; K. M. Rae, B.Sc. Two 

 maintenance workers. 



Provisions for visiting investigators: Hull, while a 

 great center of the fishing industry, is situated 

 on the Humber and not on the sea coast proper, 

 so that the department which is twelve miles 

 from the sea does not offer facilities for the study 

 of the coastal fauna and flora, which in the 

 immediate vicinity are poor. The Department 

 is concerned with the wider oceanographic prob- 

 lems of the North Sea and the Arctic Seas in 

 relation to the fishing industry. Post-graduate 

 research workers wishing to take part in such 

 investigations are welcomed, and in addition the 

 zoological laboratories, which are provided with 

 marine aquaria, are equipped for all ordinary 

 zoological research. 



Income: In 1936-37 approximately £2,000. 



Provisions for publication of results: For the present 

 the Department issues no journal of its own. 

 The results of researches are published in different 

 journals already existing. 



Department of Oceanography of the University 

 of Liverpool ('37) 



History: The Department was established by the 

 University in 1919, when the late Sir W. A. 

 Herdman endowed a professorship of Oceanog- 

 raphy. The Liverpool Marine Biological Com- 

 mittee was then dissolved and its property 

 transferred to the new Department. This prop- 

 erty included the Port Erin Marine Biological 

 Station. The Professors of Oceanography have 

 been as follows: W. A. Herdman, 1919-1920; 

 J. Johnstone, 1920-1932; J. Proudman, 1933 to 

 present. 



Location: The headquarters, laboratories, and mu- 

 seum are situated in Liverpool, 3. 



Organization to which attached: The University of 

 Liverpool. 



Purposes: (i) To prosecute research, (ii) To train 

 graduate-students in the methods of research, 

 (iii) To serve as a bureau of information, (iv) 

 To teach the elements of oceanography to under- 

 graduate students. 



Scope of activities: All branches of oceanography, 

 physical and biological, including fisheries. 



Equipment: Chemical and fisheries laboratories; 

 museum of fisheries, relating principally to the 

 Irish Sea; motor drifter with auxiliary sail. 



Staif: Scientific, Prof. J. Proudman; Lecturer, R. J. 

 Daniel; Technical and clerical. 



Provisions for visiting investigators: Visiting investi- 

 gators are subject to the general regulations of 

 the University. 



Income: General funds of the University. Amount: 

 about £3,200 per annum, apart from the sum 

 spent on the maintenance of the buildings. 



Provision for publication of results: The Department 

 administers a publications fund, which is expended 

 in subsidizing the "Proceedings and Transactions 

 of the Liverpool Biological Society." 



The Liverpool Observatory and Tidal Institute ('37) 



Histonj or origin: The Institution was formed in 

 1929 by the union of the Liverpool Observatory 

 and the Tidal Institute of the University of 

 Liverpool. The Observatory was founded in 

 1845 and since 1858 has been maintained by the 

 Mersey Docks and Harbour Board. The Tidal 

 Institute was founded in 1919 with funds provided 

 by Sir Alfred A. Booth, Bart., and Mr. Charles 

 Booth. 



Location: The Observatory is situated at Bidston 

 on the Birkenhead side of the Mersey, but the 

 Director and one assistant are normally stationed 

 at the University in Liverpool. 



Organization to which attached: The Institution is 

 governed by a Committee appointed partly by 

 the University of Liverpool and partly by the 

 Mersey Docks and Harbour Board. 



Purposes and scope of activities: The continuous 

 prosecution of scientific research into all aspects 

 of knowledge of the tides and of kindred geophysi- 

 cal subjects. The analysis of tidal observations 

 and the preparation of tide-tables. The taking 

 of meteorological and seismological observations, 

 together with the supplying of information on 



