• Composition of sediment interstitial fluid, including intercali- 

 bration studies with groups studying seawater and the 

 GEOSECS program. 



Callender (University of Michigan) 



Bowser (University of Wisconsin) 



Richards and Murray (University of Washington) 



• Composition of oxyhydrate phases in direct contact with 

 seawater — the analysis of composition and structure of ferro- 

 manganese crusts associated with specific water masses in 

 the Atlantic. 



Schilling and Johnson (University of Rhode Island) 



• Composition of solid phases with largest surface area in 

 contact with interstitial fluid; an element and phase analysis 

 of sediments from which the interstitial fluid is separated. 



Arrhenius (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) 

 The Scripps group also will devote a major effort to an 

 integrated study of the composition and structure of the 

 individual biogenic components and the microscopic authi- 

 genic oxyhydrate concretions which presumably are pre- 

 cursors of the large nodular concretions and mediate the 

 transfer of the component ions from the interstitial fluid. 

 Part of Margolis', University of Hawaii, effort is devoted 

 to this study. 



• Internal structure and composition of nodules, effects of 

 sedimentary diagenesis on nodule origin, and role of inter- 

 stitial-fluid chemistry and enclosing solid phases. 



Sorem (Washington State University) 



Fein, Morgenstein, Margolis. Boylan, Theyer, Ander- 



mann, and Andrews (University of Hawaii) 

 Burns (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) 

 Ku (University of Southern California) 



These studies include clarification of the detailed physical 

 and chemical structure of the nodules, and their rate of growth 

 as determined by incremental radiochemical and paleontological 

 methods as well as by the rate of alteration of volcanic glass, 

 sometimes found as nuclei in the nodules. Field and laboratory 

 work will emphasize: study of the relation between nodules and 

 surrounding sediment; and direct interaction and free exchange 

 of data among participants. 



Three cruises totalling 55 days aboard the new research 

 vessel MoANA Wave are planned as part of the Phase II sur- 

 vey and sampling program. In addition, a 30-day cruise aboard 

 the same vessel (supported by NOAA and commercial com- 

 panies) will add valuable data to the overall program. The 



University of Hawaii (Andrews) will have the responsibility 

 for providing shipboard support, and, in addition, for making 

 available to all investigators, as required, the topographic, 

 geophysical, geological, bottom photographic, and bottom tele- 

 vised data and samples. The three cruises are: 



1. A February 24 to March 24, 1974, cruise from 

 Panama to Honolulu — using 10 days station time 

 for bottom television surveying, photography, and 

 sampling to fill gaps in existing data on nodule 

 distribution. Mero (Ocean Resources, Inc.), Horn 

 (Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory), and 

 four University of Hawaii scientists are participat- 

 ing in this cruise. Bottom photographs and samples 

 will be available to all investigators. 



2. A 21-day survey at mine test site (10°N, 140°W) 

 to establish geologic baseline data in this area for 

 future coordinated investigations. The trace ele- 

 ment chemistry and intercalibration of seawater 

 sampling will be performed by a group that in- 

 cludes Bender (University of Rhode Island), Cal- 

 lender (University of Michigan), and Zeitlin, Boy- 

 lan, and Andermann (University of Hawaii). In- 

 terstitial water samples will be obtained using 

 the new in-situ sampler. Results will be compared 

 with those of samples taken on box core material 

 using conventional methods. Activities will in- 

 clude: bottom television; free-fall grab, box core, 

 dredge, and piston core sampling; and detailed 

 bathymetric profiling. 



3. A 24-day cruise will obtain a north-south transect 

 across the siliceous ooze belt to sample the bound- 

 ary between zones of varying biological produc- 

 tivity and to determine contrasting morphologic 

 and compositional changes in manganese nodules. 

 Activities will include: bottom television, free-fall 

 grab and core sampling, water sampling, in-situ 

 pore water and conventional pore water sampling, 

 dredging, piston coring, and mapping. 



The University of Hawaii's role in the Inter-University 

 Ferromanaganese Program is twofold: to conduct research on 

 the origin, composition, and distribution of managanese nodules 

 from the equatorial Pacific southeast of the Hawaiian Islands, 

 and to coordinate the collection of nodules, sediment, and 

 seawater for research at the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics 

 and for the entire program. 



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