Table 6. — U.S. institutions, investigators, and projects in CUEA program 



Organization 



Investigator 



Project title 



University of California, 



Scripps Institution of Oceanography 



University of Connecticut 



Duke University 



Florida State University 



M. Blacl<burn 



R. W. Garvine 



R. T. Barber 



Y. Hsueh 



j; J. O'Brien 



D. W. Stuart 



Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission M. Stevenson 



University of Miami C. N. K. Mooers 



J. C. Van Leer 

 NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory D. Halpern 



Oregon State University 



University of Rhode Island 

 University of Washington 



Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 



R. Smith 

 D. Pillsbury 



J. S. Allen 



T. J. Smayda 



R. C. Dugdale 



J. C. Kelley 



T. T. Packard 



R. Thome 

 0. Mathiesen 



J.J.Walsh 



T. Whitledge 



G. T. Rowe 

 K. Smith 



Behavior and Biology of Nekton 



Theoretical Studies of Physical Dynamics 



Primary Production, Chelation and Toxicity 



Development of Diagnostic Models of Coastal Upwelling 



Simulation of Time-Dependent Circulation 



Meteorological Research in the CUE-II and JOINT-I 

 Experiments 



LaGrangian Measurements of Currents in the Coastal 

 Upwelling Zone with Drogues 



Physical Dynamics of the Frontal Zone 



Cyclesonde Measurements of the Frontal Zone 



Near-Surface Circulation Studies in a Coastal Upwelling 

 Environment 



Mesoscale, Descriptive Physical Oceanography 



Analytical, Numerical Studies of Processes 

 Phytoplankton Species, Succession, Sinking 

 Kinetics of Nutrient Uptake 

 Nutrient and Phytoplankton Fields 

 Enzymatic Determination of Transformations 

 Acoustic Assessment and Modelling of Nekton 



Systems Model of Upwelling Ecosystems 

 Nutrient Regeneration and Excretion 

 Nutrient Cycles and the Benthos 



were conducted off the coast of Baja California during March 

 1972 and March and April 1973. CUE (Coastal Upwelling 

 Experiment) I and II were physical oceanographic studies con- 

 ducted ofT the Oregon coast during April through October 

 1972 and the summer of 1973. 



MESCAL and CUE both used historical background data 

 to prepare tentative theoretical models. CUE-I, however, was 

 the first study of sufficient size and intensity of sampling to 

 define time and space scales and to test the theoretical models 

 and calculations (fig. 20). 



Formulation of a model that includes biological and phys- 

 ical processes requires integration of experimental observations 

 into the model. This is a reiterative process whereby the model 

 is adjusted for accurate configuration using new observations. 



During the summer of 1973 a theoretical workshop in 

 physical oceanography at Oregon State University coincided 

 with the CUE-II field experiment off the Oregon coast. This 

 workshop considered results from CUE-I, plans for the major 

 JOINT-I experiment, theoretical and numerical modeling, dy- 



namic processes, results of interest from non-CUE investigators, 

 and biological sampling and modeling by those investigating 

 physical processes. 



JOINT-I 



CUEA is planned as a 7-year program during which ex- 

 periments will be conducted in several of the major upwelling 

 areas of the world. The first CUEA integrated biological and 

 physical field studies were those of JOINT-I during spring and 

 summer 1974 off the northwest coast of Africa (fig. 21). 

 JOINT-I is a coordinated part of the ongoing international re- 

 search program Cooperative Investigations of the Northern 

 Part of the Eastern Central Atlantic (CINECA). CINECA was 

 begun in 1970 to study upwelling ofl the northwest African 

 coast and the relation of this upwelling to fishery production. 

 Countries and vessels participating in JOINT-I include: 



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