21 



field program was conducted off the- coast of Ital> that provided new insight into 

 the marine geolog\ of the area as well as the discover> of ancient archaeological 

 sites in 3,000 feet of water. 



Once again, the majoritN of funds for this project came from the private sector but 

 it was the cooperation of the U.S. Nav\ which extended their sta\ in the 

 Mediterranean to make this project possible. 



These are excellent examples of the goal this joint committee hearings ha\c in 

 mind. The question is, hovs was this possible, what mechanisms were in place, 

 and can additional mechanisms be implemented to encourage even more joint 

 cooperation between academia, the militar> , and the private sector. 



In 1984, an important series of initiatives was created by then SecretarN of the 

 Nav\ , Dr. John F. Lehman. Complementing those initiatives was a major 

 ()ceanograph\ Polic> statement b> then Chief of Naval Operations .^dmiral James 

 Walkins who is your final speaker toda>. Those statements and initiatives in 1984 

 ha\e pro\en critical over the intervening years to the objectives sought b\ ioda\ 's 

 hearings. At that point in time, the militarv and academic worlds were beginning 

 to drift apan as a result of the Viet Nam War and the ending of the draft. 



That process was somewhat reversed by the SECNAV Initiatives of 1984 in several 

 important ways. First, it greatlv enhanced the career path for young officers with 

 advanced degrees in ocean science and engineering b> changing the Nav>'s 1800 

 designator from Geophysics to ()ceanograph> and bv changing the flag billet of 

 the Oceanographer of the Navy to an officer with an 1800 designator. Next it 

 established a Master of Ocean Sciences Program for naval officers at the 

 Massachusetts Institute for 1echnolog> and the Woods Hole Oceanographic 

 Institution. 



As a result, voung officers were encouraged and rewarded for obtaining advanced 

 ocean science and engineering degrees, hqualh important, the officers that were 

 a( ( epied into this program were and continue to be some of the best and the 

 brightest. Their presence on our academic campuses has changed the image and 

 attitude academicians had of the "t>picaJ" naval officer, building bridges between 

 the Navy and the oceanographic community. 



Another SliCNAV Initiative of 1984 was the establishment of the Secretarv of Navy 

 Chairs in Oceanographv. These Chairs were awarded to leading oceanographers 

 at the lop oceanographic institutions in the United Stales and were muiualh 

 beneficial to both the miliiarv and the academic recipients. In short, it rewarded 

 scientists interested in working with the military on shared research and 

 development programs. This program was later replaced by a series of 

 fellowships and Graduate Research Assistantships awarded by the Office of Naval 

 Research. 



These initiatives also led to the construction of three important oceanographic 

 research vessels that are owned bv the Nav> but operated b> oceanographic 

 institutions. The last of these three, the Woods Hole ARGO-25 ATLANTIS will be 

 the support ship for the manned submersible ALVIN and the remotel> operated 

 vehicle sv stem MEDLA/JA.SON which represent the premier academic deep 

 submergence assets in the United Stales. 



