459 



Human, Physical, and 

 Fiscal Resources 



HUMAN RESOURCES 



Public and private institutions have developed an excellent 

 graduate education system, yielding graduates employed in academia, 

 government, and the private sector in the United States and abroad. 

 The boundaries of oceanography are not well defined, and the 

 field is characterized by many entry points from associated fields 

 at various educational levels. Because of the diversity within the 

 field and its relative youth as a separate science, a research ocean- 

 ographer cannot simply be defined as one who holds a doctor's 

 degree in ocean science. Many senior faculty in oceanography 

 departments and institutions earned degrees in fields other than 

 oceanography, and many scientists continue to enter ocean sci- 

 ence from other fields. Nor can oceanographers be defined as 

 those who perform basic research that is funded by the Division 

 of Ocean Sciences of the National Science Foundation (NSF) or by 

 the Office of Naval Research (ONR). Either definition misses 

 many scientists whose primary activity is teaching, whose re- 

 search is funded from other sources, or who are employed by fed- 

 eral agencies. 



Ocean science will be characterized in the coming decade by a 

 mixture of large multiple-investigator programs and individual in- 

 vestigations. The research will be only as good as the scientific 



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