506 



168 



OCEANOGRAPHY IN THE NEXT DECADE 



SHIPS 

 SAT 



500 



400 



NASA ■ DOE {QH MMS | ONR 



EPA □ USGS NOAA □ NSF 



g 300 



o 



O 



= 200 - 



100 



mn W^ vm W mm 



unnnUu 



1982 1983 1984 1985 



1986 1987 1988 



Fiscal Year 



1989 1990 1991 1992 



FIGURE 4-27 Total federal support for ocean science including NASA 

 satellites and Navy ships assigned to academic institutions, in constant 

 1982 dollars for Fiscal Years 1982-1992. 



Minerals Management Service 



MMS's Environmental Studies Program supports studies in physical 

 oceanography, offshore geology, and marine pollution. Some stud- 

 ies are contracted with university-based researchers, and others 

 are conducted by private industry or federal agencies (e.g., USGS). 

 In general, the MMS ocean science budget has decreased continu- 

 ously from fiscal year 1982 to fiscal year 1992, for a 63 percent 

 overall decrease in constant 1982 dollars in these 11 years (Fig- 

 ures 4-26 and 4-27). 



Environmental Protection Agency 



EPA has a rapidly growing marine research program. Reliable 

 figures are not available prior to fiscal year 1989, but between 

 fiscal years 1989 and 1992, the EPA marine program budget in- 

 creased 165 percent in constant 1982 dollars (an average annual 



