659 



Figure 21. Sample MOODS Ship Survey Data 



1 



MOODS ship-collected data consist 

 of both temperature and salinit}- verstts 

 depth profiles along with location and time 

 references. For clarity only the envelopes 

 of the individual temperature and salinity 

 p'-ofiles are shown. The profile envelopes 

 exhibit the near-isothermal and isohaline 

 waters of the Adriatic on the lop, and the 

 waters of the central Mediterranean having 

 an upper ocean layer with strong gradients 

 in both parameters. 



3. OCEAN OPTICS. AND BIOLUMINESCENCE 



a. Data Descnpiion 



The Navy's interest m optics of the ocean denves from such 

 issues as the potential for optical detection of underwater 

 objects and laser bathymetry, as well as for environmenta! 

 concerns, such as the detection of fuel leaks, determination of 

 the toxicity of antifoulant coatings, detection of chemical 

 compounds, or location of contaminated sediments. Similarly, 

 civilian environmental measurement applications are present at 

 both the micro and macro levels. Micro level analyses of 

 contaminated water and macro level analyses, for example, 

 global ocean color, are complementary methods of measuring 

 ocean "health." Color and transmission properties help 

 determine the presence of effluents and estimate their rates of 

 dissipation or dispersal. Bioluminescence is tied to ocean life 

 processes and caii be a convenient measurement tool of broader 

 ocean "health." 



Figure 24 shows a measurement of bioluminescence activity in 

 a portion of the East China Sea at a measurement depth of 3m. 



Space -based techniques for the estimation of ocean color and 

 ocean clarity are in development. Older Navy data are less 

 voluminous both temporally and spatially than that permitted 

 by present techniques. While remote sensing techniques are 

 being refined, there still is the need for in siiu and at-depth 

 measurements that cannot be duplicated without using ships at 

 sea These data must also be available to provide a baseline for 

 remote sensing techniques. 



More optical data are being collected in the coastal zones of the 

 world with the change in focus of U.S. Navy operations. These 

 regions are especially challenging because optical propenies 

 are far more complex and regionally specific, and because the 

 scales of variability are much smaller. Traditional sampling 



