52 



NUMBERS OF PEOPLE INVOLVED IN NSF ACTIVITIES 



Over 200,000 people are directly involved in NSF programs and activities, receiving salaries, stipends, or participant 

 support 



In addition, an estimated 15 million people are indirectly impacted by NSF programs These programs reach Pre K- 

 12 students, Pre K-12 teachers, and researchers through activities including workshops, informal science activities 

 such as museums, television, videos, and journals, outreach efforts, and dissemination of improved curriculum and 

 teaching methods 



FY 1995 FY 1996 FY1997 

 Estimate Estimate Estimate 



Senior Researchers 25,300 24.800 25,700 



Other Professionals 9,300 9,100 9,400 



Postdoctoral Associates 4,100 4,000 4,200 



Graduate Students 20,100 20.000 20.800 



Undergraduate Students 27,600 25,400 25,900 



K-12 Students 11,200 11.600 6,100 



K-12 Teachers 105,900 115,000 125,500 



Total Number of People 203,500 209,900 217,600 



Senior Researchers include scientists, mathematicians, engineers, and educators receiving funding through NSF 

 awards. These include both researchers who are principal or co-principal investigators on research and education 

 projects, and researchers working at NSF-supported centers and facilities 



Other Professionals are individuals who may or may not hold a doctoral degrees or its equivalent who are 

 considered professionals, but are not reported as senior researchers, postdoctoral associates, or students 

 Examples are technicians, systems experts, etc. 



Postdoctoral Associates are individuals who have received Ph.D., M D , D Sc , or equivalent degrees less than 

 five years ago, and who are not members of the faculty of the performing institution Most of these postdoctoral 

 associates are supported through funds included in research projects, centers or facilities awards The balance of 

 these, less than 5 percent, are recipients of postdoctoral felllowships. 



Graduate Students include students compensated from NSF grant funds Roughly 15 percent of these students 

 receive support through programs such as the NSF Graduate Fellowships, Minority Graduate Fellowships, and 

 Graduate Traineeships. The balance assist senior researchers or postdoctoral associates in performing research, 

 and are supported through funds included in research projects, centers or facilities awards. 



Undergraduate Students include students enrolled in technical colleges or baccalaureate programs compensated 

 from NSF grant funds They may either be assisting senior researchers or postdoctoral associates in performing 

 research, or participating in NSF programs specifically aimed at undergraduate students, such as Research 

 Experiences for Undergraduates or Alliances for Minority Participation 



K-12 Teachers include teachers at elementary, middle and secondary schools These teachers participate in a 

 direct, intensive enhancement project, which includes approximately three week programs with follow-up activities 



K-12 Students are those attending elementary, middle and secondary schools These students receive direct 

 support in NSF programs, such as the Young Scholars program and the Summer Science Camps 



