Table 2. — Deep water masses of Ocean Station CHARLIE. 



LIE is too far southeast to be influenced by 

 NWAB ; thus, no NAD is formed. 



Subarctic Intermediate Water (SAI ) 



The method of salinity anomalies from Hel- 

 land-Hansen and Nansen (1926) was applied to 

 the data collected on Ocean Station CHAELIE, 

 April 1967 to April 1968. This method requires 

 the determination of a T-S curve which is not 

 influenced by the water mass or area to be stud- 

 ied. Using the Sargasso Sea T-S curve (Iselin, 

 1936) as a standard (fig. 31), observed T-S 

 values from Ocean Station CHARLIE were 

 compared, and the salinity anomalies (differ- 

 ences) were determined. 



The results indicated a high negative salinity 

 anomaly in the upper 200 meters at Ocean Sta- 

 tion CHARLIE. A negative salinity anomaly 

 value defines a salinity which is less than the 

 salinity of the standard curve at a given tem- 

 perature. A value of -20, for example, means 

 that the observed value is .200°/oo less than the 

 standard curve at the corresponding temperature. 



Bubnov (1967) stated that the -20 salinity 

 anomaly outlined the area of formation of SAI. 

 The mean and the standard deviation of the 

 depth, temperature, salinity, and sigma-t of the 

 -20 salinity anomaly at O.S. CHARLIE (Table 

 3) for the period, April 1967 to April 1968, and 

 their ranges were compared with the character- 

 istics of SAI (Bubnov, 1968). This comparison 

 between Bubnov's characteristics and O.S. 

 CHARLIE'S characteristics is presented in Table 

 4 and shows a very good correlation. This close 

 correlation, then, justified the use of the -20 

 salinity anomaly at O.S. CHARLIE as an in- 

 dicator of the presence of SAI. 



A comparison of the characteristics of SAI 

 found in Table 4 with those of individual cruises 

 in Table 3 would seem to indicate that water 

 characteristic of SAI is present at Ocean Station 

 CHARLIE during the entire year. However, 

 to consider O.S. CHARLIE to be in the area of 

 formation of SAI, the temperatures and salini- 

 ties at the surface must also be characteristic 



Table 3.— The mean and standard deviations of the depth, temperature, salinity, and sigma-t of the -20 salinity anomaly 



on Ocean Station CHARLIE, April 1967 to April 1968. 



♦Not all stations on every cruise had salinity data. 

 **No -20 salinity anomaly was observed for 7 of 14 stations in April 67, 12 of 21 in May-June 67, and 1 of 16 in 

 January 68. 



