sen casts allowed periodic calibration of the 

 STD. Temperatures were read from reversing 

 thermometers supplied by the University of 

 Washington. Salinity samples were analyzed 

 aboard ship using a Bissett-Berman Hytech 

 Model 6220 portable laboratory salinometer. 

 Unprotected reversing thermometers were used 

 as an aid in determining depth of samples ob- 

 tained below 200 meters. 



The advertised accuracy and resolution, in 

 that order, of the STD were : 



Salinity 



Temperature 



Depth 



±0.05%oand ±0.02%o 

 ±0.05°C. and ±0.05''C. 

 ±0.25% full scale and 

 ±0.10% half scale. 



Temperature and salinity data from the Nansen 

 samples were accurate to within 0. 02*^0. and 

 0.02%o. At no time did the temperatures and 

 salinities obtained from the STD differ from 

 those of the Nansen samples by more than the 

 advertised accuracy of the STD. The differ- 

 ences were within the resolution of the STD 

 except in the 0-20 m layer, where large verti- 

 cal gradients in temperature and salinity 

 caused difficulty in comparing information 

 from Nansen and STD casts. The STD tempera- 

 ture and salinity data are believed to be as 

 accurate as advertised, or to ±0.05°C. and 

 ±0.05%o, except in the upper 20 m layer where 

 accuracy may be lower. 



Temperatures and salinities were read, at 

 standard depths, from the STD traces and 

 processed at the University of Washington. 



OCEANOGRAPHIC RESULTS 



The oceanographic results are presented as: 



a. Cross-sections, constructed from the STD 

 traces, shovdng vertical distributions of tem- 

 perature and salinity (figs. 2-19). 



b. Horizontal distributions of temperature 

 and salinity at 10 m. depth (figs. 20-21). 



c. Dynamic topography (fig. 22). 



d. Geostrophic transports (Table I). 



e. Isentropic analysis (fig. 23). 



f. Envelopes of temperature-salinity curves 

 (fig. 24). 



•standard accuracy of the temperature scale for these STD units 

 is ±0.1°C. The more accurate temperature scale on the unit used 

 was supplied by Bissett-Bennan on a special order basis. 



g. Oceanographic data from STD and Nan- 

 sen casts in standard station fonnat (Appen- 

 dix A). Nansen cast numbers are preceded by 

 "N", while STD cast numbers have no prefix. 



The cross-sections (figs. 2-19) do not depict 

 the upper 20 m. of the water column, since 

 vertical gradients of temperature and salinity 

 within this layer were too large to be portrayed 

 clearly. The horizontal distribution of tempera- 

 ture and salinity in the upper 20 m of the water 

 column is assumed to be represented by the 

 temperature and salinity at 10 m. depth (figs. 

 20-21). 



The Distribution of Temperature 

 (figs. 2-10, 20) 



Water below 175-200 m. in the northern 

 Baffin Bay region exclusive of Smith and Jones 

 sounds (sections A and C.) was characterized 

 by temperatures above 0°C. A prominent warm 

 core existed at 250-450 m. depth and was 100- 

 200 m. shallower in north central Baffin Bay 

 (sections B, D and E) than farther south and 

 west (sections F, G, H and I). Maximum tem- 

 peratures in the core (1.0 to 1.5°C.) were lower 

 and exhibited greater horizontal variability in 

 north central Bafllin Bay than farther south 

 (>2.0°C.). Temperatures in Smith and Jones 

 Sounds were below 0°C. throughout the water 

 column. 



Water above 175-200 m. was cold (<0°C.) 

 relative to the deeper water except in some 

 areas (e.g. the westernmost part of section F) 

 near the surface. A prominent cold ( <-1.5°C.) 

 core at 100-150 m. depth was thicker (100-150 

 m.) in the southern part of northern Baffin 

 Bay (sections F, G and H) and in Lancaster 

 Sound (section I) than farther north (sections 

 B, D, and E). 



Temperatures in the 0-20 m. layer (fig. 20) 

 were maximum ( >4°C.) in a lens east of Devon 

 Island and decreased to minimum values 

 (<-l°C.) in the entrances of Smith and Jones 

 Sounds, southeast Lancaster Sound and the 

 region southwest of Cape York. The warm lens 

 is a common summer feature (Muench, 1971a). 

 The areas characterized by lower temperatures 

 were covered by pack ice during the 1970 

 cruise, whereas the warm lens occupied an area 

 of open water. This correlation suggests that 

 the warming may have been due to insolation. 



