THE HEAT BUDGET OF THE OCEANS 



S7 



Extinction coefficients of total energy have been computed and are 

 entered in table 8. These extinction coefficients are very high in the 

 upper one meter but decrease rapidly, at greater depth approaching the 

 minimum extinction coefficients characteristic of the types of water dealt 

 with. The smallest values given in the table can be considered valid at 

 greater depths as well. 



In fig. 10 the curves marked 0, 1,2, 3, and 4 represent the percentage 

 amounts of energy that reach different levels between the surface and 

 10 m, according to the data in table 8. The three curves marked Capri, 



PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL ENERGY 

 5 6 8 10 15 20 



40 50 60 



Fig. 10. Percentages of total energy reaching different depths in pure water, 

 clear oceanic, average oceanic, average coastal, and turbid coastal sea water (curves 0, 

 1, 2, 3, and 4) computed from extinction coefficients and corresponding to directly- 

 observed values in four lakes and at three localities in the Mediterranean. 



Trieste, and Venice represent results of measurements in the Mediter- 

 ranean according to Vercelli, and four other curves represent observed 

 values in lakes according to Birge and Juday. The agreement of the 

 character of the curves indicates that one can arrive at reliable values as 

 to the absorption of energy in the sea by means of calculations based on 

 extinction coefficients. 



An idea of the heating due to absorption of radiation can be obtained 

 by computing the increase of temperature at different depths which 

 results from a penetration of 1000 g cal/cm^ through the surface. The 

 results are shown in table 9, which serves to emphasize the fact that the 

 greater part of the energy is absorbed near the surface, particularly in 

 turbid water. If no other processes took place, the temperature between 



