24 



Oceanography -The Ten \ears Ahead 



on the basis of which supplemental plans can be 

 formulated in special fields by individual agencies 

 and institutions. This is in keeping with the pur- 

 pore of a long-range plan and the discussion in 

 Chapter I. 



In addition, such programs as the Ocean Survey 

 Plan, the National Oceanographic Data Center, 

 Oceanographic Forecasting System, the Navy's 

 Oceanographic Instrumentation Center, and the 

 like do not serve specific goals but support the en- 

 tire oceanographic community. They are essen- 

 tially oceanographic ser\ices of very wide and 

 general utility, which facilitate the simultaneous 

 attainment of national and special goals by the 

 various agencies and the scientific community. 

 They are therefore discussed in that context in a 

 later chapter. 



Before discussing the programs themselves, it 

 is useful to review the overall balance of effort 

 which they support. The way the approximately 

 $2.3 billion tentatively planned for oceanography 

 in the decade ahead is apportioned among the 

 various goals was summarized at the end of Chap- 

 ter II, and is further delineated in Table 1. Figure 



I shows the same information as well as indicating 

 how the budget is divided among the agencies. 

 Table 2 outlines this by functional areas as cate- 

 gorized by the ICO. The relative amounts, in the 

 order in which the programs to support the na- 

 tional goals will be discussed in the following 

 pages are: Strengthening basic science (56 percent 

 of which only 23 percent is not included also in the 

 goals following), defense (36 percent), managing 

 resources and health hazards in the world ocean 

 (19 percent), protecting U.S. public health (4 per- 

 cent), managing resources accessible to U.S. alone 

 (4 percent), contributing to the protection of lives 

 and property ashore and safety of operations at 

 sea (2 percent), and, finally, surveys and services to 

 oceanography (12 percent) 



It should be noted that the total oceanographic 

 program has not heretofore been categorized by 

 goals. Rather in the annual presentation of a na- 

 tional program, the effort has been classified ac- 

 cording to function (research, instrumentation, 

 ship construction, surveys, facilities, data center, 

 and Indian Ocean Expedition) and by sponsoring 

 agencies (Defense, Commerce, Interior, NSF, 



Table I 



National Oceanographic Program 1963-1972 



Fiscal Breakdown by Goals 



(in percent of total) 



