201 



Marine Science Organizations in or Related to the United Nations 



ECONOMIC AND 

 SOCIAL COUNCIL 



INTERNATIONAL 



TELECOMMUNICATION 



UNION 



INTERGOVERNMENTAL 

 MARITIME CONSULT- 

 ATIVE ORGANIZATION 



INTERNATIONAL BANK 



FOR RECONSTRUCTION 



AND DEVELOPMENT 



ADVISORY COMMITTEE 



ON SCIENCE 



AND TECHNOLOGY 



ECONOMIC 



COMMISSION FOR ASIA 



AND THE FAR EAST 



— UNESCO 



INTERGOVERNMENTAL 



OCEANOGRAPHIC 



COMMISSION 



i 



FOOD AND 

 AGRICULTURAL 

 ORGANIZATION 



WORLD 



METEOROLOGICAL 



ORGANIZATION 



COMMISSION ON 

 MARITIME METEOROLOGY 



GENERAL 

 ASSEMBLY 



INTERNATIONAL 



ATOMIC ENERGY 



COMMISSION 



U,N, CONFERENCE 



ON TRADE 

 AND DEVELOPMENT 



U.N. SECRETARIAT 



SODRCE : Marine Science Affairs, The Second Report of the President to the Congress on Marine Resources and En- 

 gineering Development. March 1968, p. 24. 



of existing international bodies to deal with a 

 great range of enTironmental problems. The 

 formation of the new National Oceanic and 

 Atmosphei'e Agency would lend impetus 

 to the latter solution. 



The Commission recommends that 

 NEMPS be planned and developed on a 

 global basis in concert with the World 

 Weather Program to assure a well-coordi- 

 nated and nonduplicating global ocean- 

 atmosphere monitoring and prediction 

 system. The National Oceanic and Atmo- 

 spheric Agency (ESSA) should coordi- 

 nate the U.S. participation in the planning 

 and deployment of such a global system. 



A Legal Framework for the Conduct of 

 Marine Research 



To observe, describe, and understand the 

 physical, geological, chemical, and biologi- 



cal phenomena of the marine environment, 

 the marine scientist must conduct investiga- 

 tions on a global basis. But the existing in- 

 ternational legal framework does not facili- 

 tate these investigations. 



The prior consent of the coastal nation is 

 required to conduct scientific investigations 

 in its internal or territorial waters, to em- 

 place installations for research purposes on 

 the beds undei'lying these watei-s, to conduct 

 fishery research in its exclusive fisheries zone, 

 or to conduct research concerning its con- 

 tinental shelf. 



Coastal nations also claim territorial seas 

 of breadths varying from 3 nautical miles 

 to 200 miles or more, and they define their in- 

 ternal and territorial waters in ways that 

 serve to extend them. The seaward limit of 

 the continental shelf is uncertain. All these 

 factors tend to enlarge the areas of the 

 oceans in which scientific inquirj- cannot 



