XX vi CONTENTS. 



— How the calm Belt of Cancer is pushed to the north, 700. — The curvc<l 

 Form of the equatorial calm Belt in the Indian Ocean, 701. — The "Winter ]\loii- 

 soons, 702. — The Monsoons of Australasia, 703. — Thunder and Lightning, 70+. 



— Water-spouts, 705. — The east Monsoon in the Java Sea, 706. — Currents, 

 707. — Marking the Seasons, 708. — Conflicts in the Air, 709. — Passing of the 

 calm Belts, 710. — Where they are, there the Changing of the Monsoons is going 

 on, 711 ; Page 304 



CHAPTER XVH. 



THE CLIMATES OF THE SEA. 



A "Milky Way" in the Ocean, § 720.— The Vibrations of the Gulf Stream, 721.— 

 Sea and Land Climates contrasted, 722.— Plate IV., 723.— The Effects of Night 

 and Day upon the Temperature of Sea Water, 724. — A Belt of uniform Temper- 

 ature at Sea, 725. — The western Half of the Atlantic warmer than the eastern, 

 726. — The warmest Sides of Oceans and the coldest Shores of Continents in 

 Juxtaposition, 727. — The Climates of Europe influenced by the Shore-lines of 

 Brazil, 728. —The Gulf of Guinea and the Climate of Patagonia, 729. — Shore- 

 lines, 730. — Sudden Changes in the Water Thermometer, 731. — The Fogs of 

 Newfoundland, 732. — Aqueous isothermal Lines, 733. — The Meeting of cool and 

 warm Waters, 734.^ — The Direction of Aqueous Isotherms on opposite Sides of 

 the Sea, 735 381 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



TIDE-RIPS AND SEA DRIFT. 



The Glories of the Sea, § 740.— Drift described, 741.— Plate IX., 742.— The great 

 Bend in the Gulf Stream, 743. — The Horse-shoe in the Japan Current, 744. — 

 The Animalculge of the Sea, 745. — Colored Patches, 746. — Whence the Red Sea 

 derives its Name, 747. — The Escape of warm Waters from the Pacific, 748. — 

 Ditto from the Indian Ocean, 749. — A wide Current, 750. — Commotions in the 

 Sea, 751.' — Humboldt's Descrijjtion of Tide-rips, 752. — Horsburgh's, 753. — Tide- 

 rips in the Atlantic, 754. — Mock Vigias, 755. — Bores, Eagres, and the Earth- 

 quake Wave of Lisbon, 756. — Rains at Sea, and their Effect upon its Equilib- 

 rium, 757.— Ditto of Cloud and Sunshine, 758. — Day and Night, 759. — Logs 

 overhauled for Kelp and Ice, 7G0. — A Sargasso in the South Pacific, 761. — Sea- 

 weed about the Falkland Islands, 762. — The African Sargasso, 763.— Iceberg.s, 

 764. — The largest drift farthest, 765. — The Line of Antarctic Drift, 766. — Neces- 

 sity for and Advantages of an Antarctic Expedition, 767. — Commercial Consid- 

 erations, 768. — Value of the Fisheries, 769. — Sperm Whales, 770. — A Sea of 

 Fire to the, 771.— Right Whales, 772 395 



CHAPTER XIX. 



STORMS, HURRICANES, AND TYPHOONS. 



Plate v., § 781.— Typhoons, 782.— The Mauritius Hurricanes, 783.— The West In- 

 dia Hurricanes, 784. — The Cyclone Theory, 785. — Puzzling Questions, 786. — 

 Espy 's Theory, 787. — Dove's Law, 788. — Bernouilli's Formula, 789. — Predicting 

 Storms, 790.— The Changing of the Wind in a Cyclone, 791.— The Wind strong- 

 er on one Side than the other, 792. — The rainy Quadrant of a Cyclone, 793. — Er- 

 roneous Theories, 794. — The AVind in a true Cyclone blows in Spirals, 795. — An 

 Illustration, 796. — Dust Whirlwinds and Water-spouts, 797. — A vera Causa, 798. 



