§ 35], 352. EASTING OF THE TRADE-WINDS, ETC. I55 



not look to magnetism for this agent as well as to any other of 

 the influences which are concerned in giving to the winds their 

 force and direction ? 



851. He that established the earth "created it not in vain; He 

 Principles according formed it to bc inhabited." And it is presumptu- 



to which the physic- , . . , t n 



ai machinery of our ous, arrogant, and impious to attempt the studv of 



planet should be . ' ? ' ^ ^ -^ 



studied. its machmery upon any other theory : %i ivas made 



to he inhabited. How could it be inhabitable but for the sending 

 of the early and the latter rain ? How can the rain be sent ex- 

 cept by the winds ? and how can the fickle winds do their errands 

 unless they have a guide? Suppose a new piece of human mech- 

 anism were shown to one of us, and we were told the object of it 

 was to measure time ; now, if we should seek to examine it with 

 the view to understand its construction, would we not set out upon 

 the principle — the theory — that it was made to measure time ? 

 By proceeding on any other supposition or theory we should be 

 infallibly led into error. And so it is with the physical machin- 

 ery of the world. The theory upon which this work is conducted 

 is that the earth luas made for man ; and I submit that no part of 

 the machinery by which it is maintained in a condition fit for him 

 is left to chance, any more than the bit of mechanism by which 

 man measures time is left to go by chance. 



852. That I might study to better advantage the workings of 

 Division into wind- ^^^ atmosphcrical machinery in certain aspects, I 

 ^'^^^' divided the sea into bands 5° of latitude in breadth, 

 and stretching east and west entirely around the earth, but skip- 

 ping over the land. There are twelve of these bands on each side 

 of the equator that are traversed more or less frequently by our 

 fleet of observers ; they extend to the parallel of 60° in each hem- 

 isphere. To determine the force and direction of the wind for each 

 one of these bands, the abstract logs were examined until all the 

 data afforded by 1,159,533 observations were obtained; and the 

 mean direction of the wind for each of the four quarters in every 

 band was ascertained. Considering difference of temperature be- 

 tween these various bands to be one of the chief causes of move- 

 ment in the atmosphere — that the extremes on one hand are near 

 the equator, and on the other about the poles — considering that 

 the tendency of every wind (§ 234) is to blow along the arc of a 

 great circle, and therefore that everj^ wind that was observed in 



