THE WINDS OF THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 421 



that the westerly winds which prevail on the polar side of 40° S. 

 are stronger and more constant than then- antoecian fellows of the 

 north, we may consider it as a fact established, independently of the 

 conclusive proof afforded by Plate XIII., that the general system of 

 atmospherical circulation is more active in the southern than it is 

 in the northern hemisphere. And, seeing that it blows with 

 more strength and regularity from the west in the extra-tropical 

 regions of the southern than it does in the extra-tropical regions 

 of the northern hemisphere, we should deduce, by way of corollary, 

 that the counter-trades of the south are not so easily arrested in 

 their course, or turned back in their circuits, as are those of the 

 north. Consequently, moreover, we should not, either in the 

 trades or the counter-trades of the southern hemisphere, look for as 

 many calms as in those of the northern systems. 



819. AVherefore, holding to this corollary, we may consider the 

 Facts established, followiug as cstabHshed facts in the meteorology of the 



sea : That the S.E. trade-winds are stronger than the N.E. ; that 

 the N.W. passage-winds — the counter-trades of the south — are 

 stronger and less hable to interruption in their circuits than the 

 S.W., the counter- trades of the north ; that the atmospherical cumu- 

 lation is more regular and brisk in the southern than it is in the 

 northern^ hemisphere ; and, to repeat : since the wind moves in its 

 circuit more briskly through the southern than it does through the 

 northern hemisphere, it consequently has less time to tarry or dally 

 by the way in the south than in the north ; hence the coroUary just 

 stated. But observations, also, as weU as mathematically-drawn 

 mferences, show that calms are much less prevalent in the southern 

 hemisphere. For this inference observations are ample ; they are 

 grouped together by thousands and tens of thousands, both on the 

 Pilot and the Storm and Eain Charts. These charts have not yet 

 been completed for all parts of the ocean, but as far as they have 

 been constructed the facts they utter are in perfect agreement with 

 the terms of this corollary. 



820. These premises being admitted, we may ascend another 

 Atmospherical cir- rouud ou this ladder, and arsfue that, since the atmo- 

 iQ the southern than sphcro movos moro briskly and in more constant 

 sphere?'''''"""'''™" streams through its general channels of circulation 

 in the southern than it does through them in the northern hemi- 

 sphere ; and that, since it is not arrested in its courses by calms 

 as often in the former as it is in the latter, neither should it 

 be turned back by the way, so as to blow in gales from the direc- 



