CONTENTS. ^ix 



Pacific, 451. — A Sargasso Sea in the Pacific, 452. — Drift-wood upon the Aleutian 

 Islands, 453. — Cold Ochotsk, 454. — Humboldt's Current, 455. — Warm Current 

 in the South Pacific, 456. — Equatorial Currents in the South Pacific, 458. — The 

 Effect of Rain and Evaporation upon Currents, 459. — Under Currents of the Atlan- 

 tic, 461. — Equilibrium of the Sea maintained by Currents, 467. — The Brazil Cur- 

 rent, 469 Page 148 



CHAPTER Vni. 



THE OPEN SEA IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN. 



The Habit of Whalemen, ^ 473. — Right Whales can not cross the Equator, 475. An 



under Current into the Polar Basin, 478. — Indications of a Warm Climate, 481. — 

 De Haven's Water Sky, 482.— The open Sea of Dr. Kane, 484.— Drift of an aban- 

 doned Ship, 487 173 



CHAPTER IX. 



THE SALTS OP THE SEA. 



Why is the Sea Saltl H91-— An Hypothesis, 494.— The Adaptations of the Sea, 498. 

 — Components of Sea Water every where alike, 500. — Proportion of solid Contents, 

 502. — The Influence of Wind upon the Circulation of the Sea, 508. — The Influence 

 of Heat, 511. — The Influence of Evaporation, 517. — The Influence of Precipitation, 

 519. — Under Current from the Mediterranean and Red Sea due to the Salts of, 523. 

 — Space that the Salts of the Sea would occupy in a Solid State, 527. — De Haven's 

 Drift from the Arctic Ocean, 530. — An under Current flowing into it, 534. — The 

 Water Sky, 540. — Sea Shells, 545. — Their Agency in the System of Oceanic Circu- 

 lation, 548. — They assist to regulate Climate, 557. — Compensation in the Sea, 563. 

 — Insects of the Sea, 565. — Geological Records concerning the Salts of the Sea, 

 568.— Light from the Bible, 571.— AVhence come the Salts of the Seal 574.— Pro- 

 fessor Chapman's Experiments, 579 ... 179 



CHAPTER X. 



THE EQUATORIAL CLOUD-RING. 



The " Doldrums," § 583.— Oppressive Weather, 586.— Offices of the Clouds, 587.— 

 Weight for the Wind, 589. — Galileo and the Pump-maker, 590. — Temperature 

 and Pressure under the Cloud-ring, 591. — Its effect upon Climate, 596. — Its Of- 

 fices, 599. — Whence come the Vapors that form the Cloud-ring 1 602. — Its Appear- 

 ance, 605 209 



CHAPTER XL 



ON THE GEOLOGICAL AGENCY OF THE WINDS. 



Nature regarded as a Whole, ^ 611. — The Dead Sea, 614. — Annual fall of Rain upon 

 less now than formerly, 615. — The Caspian, 617. — The great American Lakes, 622. 

 —Gulf of Mexico, its Depth, 624.— The Effect of cutting off the Gulf Stream, 625. 

 — Uprising of Continents, 627. — The Causes that change the Water-level of a 

 country, 633. — Foot-prints of the Clouds, 638. — Andes rising from the Sea, 640. — 

 Rains for Europe, 651. — Terrestrial Adaptations, 655. — Evaporating Force in the 

 Mediterranean, 661. — Display of Harmony, 663. — The Age of the Andes and Dead 

 Sea compared, 671 220 



B 



