104 THE PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE SEA. 



CHAPTER IV. 



LAND AND SEA BEEEZES. 



Lieutenant Jansen, ^ 228. — His Contributions, 229. — The Sea-breeze, 230. — An Il- 

 lustration, 231. — The Land-breeze, 232. — Jansen's Account of the Land and Sea 

 Breeze in the East Indies, 234.— A Morning Scene, 235.— The Calm, 237.— The 

 Inhabitants of the Sea going to Work, 239. — Noon, 240. — The Sea-breeze dies, 245. 

 — The Land-breeze, 247. — A Discussion, 248. — Why Land and Sea Breezes are 

 not of equal Freshness on the Sea-shore of all Countries, 252. — The Sea-breeze at 

 Valparaiso, 255.— The Night, 258.— A Contrast, 263. 



228. I HAVE been assisted in my investigations into these phe- 

 nomena of the sea by many thinking minds ; among those whose 

 debtor I am, stands first and foremost the clear head and warm 

 heart of a foreign officer, Lieutenant Marin Jansen, of the Dutch 

 ISTavy, whom I am proud to call my friend. He is an ornament 

 to his profession ; and a more accomplished officer it has never 

 been my good fortune to meet in any service. He has entered 

 this magnificent field of research con amore, and has proved to 

 be a most zealous and efficient fellow-laborer. Promotion in the 

 Dutch Navy unfortunately goes by seniority ; if it went by merit, 

 I should, I am sure, have the pleasure of writing of him as admiral. 



229. Jansen has served many years in the East Indies. He 

 observed minutely and well. He has enriched my humble con- 

 tributions to the "Physical Geography of the Sea" with contri- 

 butions from the store-house of his knowledge, set off" and present- 

 ed in many fine pictures, and has appended them to a translation 

 of the first edition of this work into the Dutch language. He has 

 added a chapter on the land and sea breezes ; another on the chang- 

 ing of the monsoons in the East Indian Archipelago : he has also 

 extended his remarks to the northwest monsoon, to hurricanes, 

 the southeast trades of the South Atlantic, and to winds and cur- 

 rents generally. 



230. In many parts of the world the oppressive heat of sum- 

 mer is modified, and the climate of the sea-shore is made refresh- 



