TKADE-WINDS OF THE SOUTHEKN HEMISPHERE, 359 



it lias not time to stop often or to run back far ; neither have tlie 

 counter-trades of the south time to blow backward ; consequently, 

 such being the conditions, we should also expect? to find in the ex- 

 tra-tropical south a gale with easting in it much more seldom than 

 in the extra-tropical north. 



We shall appeal to observations for the correctness of this con- 

 jecture, and claim for it, also, as presently will appear, the dignity 

 of an established truth. 



Average Noiber of Gales to the 1000 Observations, with Easting and 

 WITH Westing in them, between corresponding Parallels in the North 

 AND South Atlantic, as shown by the Storm and Rain Charts. 



North, 

 f Number of observations 17,27-i 



Between 40° and 45°, < Gales in 1000, with easting 23 



( " " " westing 66 



c Number of observations 11,425 



Between 45° and 50°, < Gales in 1000, with easting 24 



( " " " westing 106 



c Number of observations 4816 



Between 50° and 55°, < Gales in 1000, with easting 24 



C " " " westing 144 



South. 



8756 

 12 

 83 



5548 



1 



61 



5169 

 10 

 97 



Thus the Storm and Eain Charts show that between the paral- 

 lels of 40° and 65° there were in the northern hemisphere 33,515 

 observations, and that for every 1000 observations there were 2-4 

 gales with easting and 105 with westing. In the southern, there 

 were 19,473 observations, and for every 1000 of these there were 

 5 gales with easting and 80 with westing in them. 



Those for the southern hemisphere are only for that j)art of the 

 ocean through which vessels pass on their way to and fro around 

 Cape Horn. That part of this route which lies between 40° and 

 55° S. is under the lee of South America ; and Patagonia, that 

 lies east of the Andes, is almost a rainless region ; consequently, 

 we might expect to find more unsteady winds and fewer rains in 

 that part of the ocean where the observations for the southern part 

 of the tables were made than we should expect to meet with well 

 out to sea, as at the distance of two or three thousand miles to the 

 eastward of Patagonia. So that the contrast presented by the 

 above statement would probably be much greater did our observ- 

 ations extend entirely across the South, as they do across the 

 Korth, Atlantic. But, as it is, the contrast is very striking. In 

 some aspects, the meteorological agents of the two hemispheres, 

 especially those forces which control the winds and the weather, 



