200 



MAliKUS 



[chap. 4 



20 0-20 -40 -60 -80 - IQO 

 RISE. DESCENT 



1 (m/doy) 



(a) 



■I 2 -08 -0.4 04 08 12 

 CONV. p . 6 , DIV. 



^ 10 sec"' 



ds 



(b) 



Fig. 46. Vertical motion and divergence profiles for the Pacific trade trajectory of Fig. 31. 

 (After Malkus, 1956, Figs. 6, 8 and 52.) 



(a) Vertical motion (m/day) as function of height. Solid curve is average w calcu- 

 lated from observations of dujds. Dashed profile computed from theory when heating 

 function approximately equal to observed mean (Fig. 31b, dashed curve). Dotted 

 profile computed from theory when heating reduced 10%. 



(b) Divergence (scale 10^ sec~l) as function of height. Solid curve average of observa- 

 tions. Dashed curve computed from theory when heating function approximately 

 equal to observed mean. Dotted curve computed from theory when heating reduced 

 10%. 



(mb) 

 700 



-20 2.0 



Tj, ( dyne /em ) 



(o) 





(km) 

 - 3 



02 04 06 08 1.0 



i£ (mb/500km) 

 (b) 



Fig. 47. Theoretical profiles of shearing stress and downstream pressure drop for Pacific 

 trade trajectory of Fig. 31. (After Malkus, 1956, Fig. 7 and Tables 2 and 3.) 



(a) Shearing stress component tsz (vertical transport of s momentum) in dynes/cm^ 

 as function of height. Dashed curve computed from theory for normal heating 

 function; dotted curve for 10% reduced heating function. 



(b) Pressure drop along trajectory in mb/500 km as function of height. Dashed 

 curve computed from theory for normal heating function; dotted curve for 10°'o 

 reduced heating function. 



