258 



MALKUS 



[chap. 4 



the order of 5 mm/sec (500 m/day). In unfortunate contrast to the Caribbean 

 study of Colon, a complete mass balance throughout the troposphere was not 

 possible here, so there can be no assurance that the contribution to heat 

 and moisture divergence from the mean ageostrophic mass flow was properly 

 taken into account. Our own brief repetition of Manabe's calculations show that 



Mean Distribution of Mixing Ratio (g/kg) 



Surf. 

 Kimpo 

 mb 

 P 200 



Surf, 



p mb 



500 



Surf, 

 Kimpo 



mb 

 500 



850- — -1^ 



Surf 

 Fukuoka Yonogo Wajima 



Fukuoka Yonogo Wajima Akito Sopporo Wokkonoi 



(03Z 20 Dec. 1954- I5Z 3 Jan. 1955) 



Akito Sapporo Wokkonoi 



(a) 



(b) 



Fig. 75. Vertical cross-sections of potential temperature and specific humidity along both 

 coasts of the Japan Sea during the polar outbreak studied. In each case top section 

 is before passage of air across sea, bottom section after. (After Manabe, 1957, Fig. 6.) 



(a) Cross -sections of potential temperature. Vertical co-ordinate pressure in mb. 

 Potential temperature isopleths labelled in °A. Configuration along Russian-Korean 

 side, top ; Japanese side, bottom. 



(b) Cross- sections of specific humidity. Vertical co-ordinate pressure in mb. Specific 

 humidity isopleths labelled in g/kg. Configuration along Russian-Korean side, top ; 

 Japanese side, bottom. 



