SECT. 2] 



LARGE-SCALE INTERACTIONS 



265 



Water Temperature (°C) 

 Toteishizaki (1932-1933) 



Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 



Fig. 80. Seasonal march of sea-temperature (°C) distribution with depth (m) at location 

 off northwest coast of Japan. (After Manabe, 1957, Fig. 9.) 



Note that during winter the water temperature is nearly constant with depth down 

 to about 100 m, suggesting strong convection in the upper ocean layers. 



1 2 3 4 5-6 



■7-5 Dec 



7 °C 



deptti 

 (m) 



Fig. 81. Vertical distribution of ocean-temperature change (°C) between 5 December and 

 5 March averaged for the years 1935-1940 for the Japan Sea. Based on data published 

 by the Japan Fishing Research Laboratory and used by Manabe to calculate storage 

 term in the ocean's heat budget. (After Manabe, 1958, Fig. 7.) 



