Trees and shrubs . — The species recommended for planting (Table 1) 

 vary in the ease with which they may be transplanted from a nursery into the 

 ravines, some are very easy, others require some care, and some are rather 

 difficult. Those species rated as easy to transplant may be purchased as 

 bare-root plants. The more difficult species should be bought with a root 

 ball covered with burlap, especially if the stem is larger than 1 inch in 

 diameter. As a general rule, the ball of soil on a transplanted plant should 

 be 1 foot in diameter for each inch of trunk diameter. Thus, for a tree with 

 a 2-inch trunk, the root ball should be at least 2 feet in diameter. Because 

 of the difficulty in transporting trees with heavy soil balls, it is recom- 

 mended that trees no larger than 2 inches in trunk diameter be transplanted 

 into the ravines (Fig. 3). 



Small 1- and 2-year-old seedlings can be planted on ravine slopes 

 using a spade to either dig individual holes or by making a slit, slipping 

 the seedling into the slit, and closing the hole with either the spade or 

 the heel of the foot. Planting either seedlings or larger bare-root or 

 balled-and-bur lapped trees is best done in the spring, between mid-March and 

 mid-May. Orders for plant materials should be placed in the late fall or 

 early winter to assure that material will be available at the nursery for 

 early planting. 



CARE AFTER PLANTING 



Newly planted trees and shrubs should be pruned before or immediately 

 after planting. One-fourth to one-third of the leaf-bearing wood should be 

 removed to compensate for root loss from transplanting. Weak, injured, inter- 

 fering, and poorly located branches should also be removed. 



Following planting, a few maintenance procedures are recommended. 

 A cup of fertilizer, such as 12-12-12, can be distributed in the back-fill 

 at the time of planting, or it can be broadcast over the surface of the 



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