103 



How far these Laboratories may expand their activities in this 

 direction the future we or.n not predict, nor is it necessary to 

 consider here the occasional problems, related incidentally to 

 oceanography, that are studied from time to time at one or another 

 of them by visiting scientists. We must, however, emphasize the 

 influence that the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole has 

 exerted, in preparing the way for systematic investigations in Ocean^ 

 ography such as are now proposed. If it has not constituted much in 

 a dirf.ct way to Oceanography as nov/ defined, this is because the 

 subject is still poorly djvtloped in /America at the present time. 

 This, and the oth-.r Larine Biological l-aboretories are the most 

 important organizations for the development of Marine Physiology, as 

 here defined (page 50 ). 



C. OTHER OCEANOGRAPHIC STATIONS 



No picture of the present status of Oceanography in America 

 would be complete without some account of such phases of the oceano- 

 graphic activities of other institutions, not at the sea shore, as 

 are not covered in the preceding account of current expeditions and 

 of periodic nruises. To avoid any implication of relative importance, 

 these are here arranged alphabetically. 



The American Museum of Natural History, New York while not 

 regularly engaged in Oceanography, has recently sponsored studies of 

 the surface temperature, etc., along the west coast of South America, 

 in relation to the periodic development of the warm "El Nino" current 

 there. It has also pbrticipated of late in explorations in Artie 

 waters. 



Brown Universit y enters the oceanographic field only by offer- 

 ing instruction (olacvherc,) . 



The Buffalo Society of Natural History , recently organized, has 

 already participated in an investigation of the sucmarine sediments, 

 and plankton, of the Bahamian region, jointly with Princeton Univer- 

 sity (elsewhere), and is now engaged on a joint program, in the Gulf 

 of Maine, with the Mt. Desert island Biological Laboratory. Its 

 program contemplates considerable expansion in this direction, 

 especially in plankton studies in North rn Seas. 



The Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie 

 Institut: on of Washin(?ton is the home office for the expedition of 

 the CARN:^>GIE (fslsewbae), and for the publication of the reports 

 thereTrom, several of which have already appeared; it now includes 

 a Laboratory and instrument-shop for the design of methods and in- 

 struments for work at sea. 



The plans of the Carnegie Institution relative to Oceanography 

 have not yet been defined specifically. In general it is the policy 

 of this Institution not to attempt to cover completely any large 

 field of scientific research, but to arrange for its work to fit 

 readily into the larger schemes already under way, without conflict- 

 ing with other agencies. The Institution touches Oceanography at 

 three points: namely, by the development of the marine laboratory a+ 

 Tortugas, by s^^ientific researches regularly carried on di.stoms, anJ 

 by the present cruise of the " C arnegie . " We are informed tnat it 

 does not (at present) contemplate extending these researches beyond 



