105 



line out to the continental edge of th-; United Stat-i^s and of its 

 insular dependencies; for inshore certography ; end for geodetic and 

 isostastic studies. The standard of exoollence is here so high that 

 it would be unwise for any other institution to ent„r these fields 

 except in cooperation with th^; Survey. And gny expansion in this 

 direction should be through assistance offered directly to the 

 latter. For additional description of its oceanographic activities, 

 s-e page 



The U. S. Hydrographic Office , with its local branches in many 

 cities has long served as the shore C5nt..r in the United States for 

 the synthesis of data collected from many sources as to the currents 

 of the high seas, and as to other oceanic phenomena, just as the 

 Coast /nd^Geodetic Survey serves for the coastal W3ters, as well as 

 for the publication of ocean charts, geophysical (magnetic) charts, 

 sailing pilots, pilot charts, etc. 



The University of Minnesotri has of late sponsored occasional 

 researches, of oceanographic import, in the Pacific, in such subjects 

 as submarine illumination, plankton, animal physiology and general 

 ecology. 



The University of "iVashington , through its College of Fisheries, 

 offers opportunities for research in Oceanography as related to the 

 Fisheries; and studies in this field are undertaken from time to time 

 at its LaDoratory at Friday Harbor in Fuget Sound, in addition to 

 other oceanographic activities (p. 102). 



The University of '.Visconsin is at present the headquarters of 

 the committee on sedimentation of the National Research Council of 

 the United States. 



Yale University at present carries on no field work in oceano- 

 graphy and offers no instrui^tion; but by arrangements made recently 

 with the Bingham Oceanographic coll-ction, Yale may within the next 

 few years be expected at least to cooperate in field studies of the 

 biology of marine fishes, which may develop into a broader ocei'no- 

 graphic program in the future. 



r. COORDINATING INSTITUTIONS 



The rapid advances in Oceanography that have taken piece in 

 northern Europe in the last quarter century have largely drawn their 

 impetus from the fact that the maritime nations there comnine to 

 support two institutions with the definite purpose of coordinating 

 the efforts of all p-^rticip-nts in the fields of fisheries research; 

 and underlying the latt-r, in Oceanography in seneral: the older of 

 these, the "Conseil Interns tion'^il pour 1 ' Exploration de la Mer'' , 

 with headquarters in Copenhagen, has largely dominated sea-sci-rnce in 

 northwestern Europe for the p?st quarter century. The younger, the 

 "Council for the Sci .^ntific Exploration of the M.diterranean Sea", is 

 now functioning as an effective liaison between the nations bord-ring 

 that body of water. 



No such institution existed in America until thr foundation of 

 the North American Committee for Fisheries Investigations in 1920. 

 The membership of this body is intended to include representatives 



