153 



The Carnegie Institution represents another t7^pe. ^ceano- 

 rraplr^ beinr onl- one of its several fields of activity. Put the 

 Sccomplishnents of the Institution in this field as -^ others, eo- 

 u3llY illustrate the successful accomplishments of a smal^ pn.. 

 stron^r board, where the al.i is first hand investigation rather than 

 ?he general cooperative encouragement of one or another hranch of 

 scieSce. In this case the endowr-ent is owned and controlled ha 

 sei?-perpetuating hoard of not more tvan 27 trustees, holding of^ 

 fice continuously, '.vho appoint r:n executive coirinittee of 7 for the 

 actual administration of the affairs of the institution. 



The aims of t^^e three estah^ Ishments so far discussed, ller^les , 

 Mor^aco and the Carnegie Institution of 'Washington, differ some'^hat 

 from those for n^^ich we urge the foundation of the proposed instit- 

 ution. Thus, the purpose of the Naples Station in its heyday v.as 

 simpl- to provide convenient laboratory facilities and materiels 

 for indlvldupl students working on whatever prob] ems they may sel- 

 ect- that of' the woods Hole Laboratory is the same with a program 

 of instruction in additions that of the Monaco Institution is to 

 provide instruction b- public lectures, to encourage resea^^'^v^es by 

 Itsor-t staff a-.d to publish t^e results: while the oceanogranhic 

 nrogra-' of t^-e Carne^jie Institute is strl-tly one of research l-e 

 doubt whether the corporate organization of either of the last two 

 would provide for t^-e encouragemen^-. o^ oceanographic co-ta.ts Vxth 

 other institutions, for enlisting their Interest ^nV'e genera, 

 field pnd for developing cooperation between them to the "^^ent 

 that is "needed, -'hich' is' one of t^e chief objects for ^hich the 

 now Institution is nrorosed, because no liaison with other - stit- 

 utlons is provided for, nor are the boards of control large enough 

 to keep close touch with oce^nographers gen -rally. 



TMs ph-.s^. seems better .-ssured b- t^o Flvnout>^ and '"oods 

 Pole Laboratories, whic> (while differing fundamentally one fro- the 

 other r^s shown below) agree in enlisting the material and moral sup- 

 port of t^-e scientific communities of their respective countries 

 hy the' larf-o size, and broarily representative nature of tT-e mem>ber- 

 shlp in the one case, and of the corporation in t-e other. Con- 

 trasting with the small committees of the Institute of Monaco, -nd^ 

 of the Carnegie Institute, tv^e corporation of the Marine _BioxOgicai 

 LaboratorY at Woods Hole numbered 310 In 1927, representing m-ny^ 

 universities and other institutions, while the several classes ox 

 membership of the Marine Elologlcal Association of Ih^ Lnited King- 

 dom" (whic>i owns and operates the Plymouth Laboratory; numbers 32,.. 

 In nelthor case Is there any numerical limit to membership. 



TVere Is however, an essential difference in organization be- 

 tween these two l.nboratorlos, and one well worth wei.^hing. In the 

 case of Pl^-mouth, which receives approximately two thirds ot its 

 funds from'tvc government. Its endo-'ment being so small as to -e 

 ncclli^ible, the'^Mlnistry of Agriculture and Fisheries annually nom- 

 inates one mernber of the governing courcil, ("-.o-ernors ; wrier also 

 includes members nominated by several insltutions that h-.ve m-de a 

 specified contribution to t^e funds of the Society: also certain 

 individual contributors. Thus not onlv the government, but the sub- 

 scribing institutions as well, are In a position to influence the 



