16: 



^vinter, whenever -^nd v^Verever the st.te of tie ice w..ll ^Ixow tnis 

 to" he' done in s'^fety: (4) The gener-il ^-dvr.ntnges oi .- settlement 

 of some size r.re not -s essential in t^is c^se n.s the- ^v3 fo^ the 

 centr.ol hendau-.rters , hec-use living quarters c-n he constructed 

 for the fe- investigators -.ho world he -pt to visit -n Arctic otrj^- 

 tlon Vnd -rrnngements cn.n he m.de for sir.plles of nil sorts to he 

 forw'rded. Put, ohviousl-, the operation of the st : tion .;orld he 

 vrstiv fnci]it,"ted if it c-vld he loc-ted v/ithin rench of .^- port 

 where" shin supplies could he oht-ined. nnd rep-irs effected. 



\c- 



The Arctic recrjirement , conhined rith the r^auire^.ent of 

 cessihility, limits the choice of a feasihle site to the sector ex- 

 tending northward from St. John, Newf oundl-^n^ , to the vicinity of 

 B-ttle H-rhor on the outer const of Lnhro.dor. In fnct, tnis is the 

 o^ly const-sector, -^.n-.vhere in the northern hemisphere th-^t -ns- 

 °ers ti^ese reonire^^ents. This const nlso h^s ti-e fu'^tVey nav^ntnge 

 of nroximit" to considerahle depths, niiowini. n comp-rntive study 

 of the' true nolnr woter nnd of the deep hottom wrternt different 

 seasons, -hich introduces nrohlems of grent genernl interest. 



From the geogrnnhic standpoint, some one of tv-e h-rhors -t the 

 northeastern entrnce^f the Strait of Belle Isle would he ^n esnec- 

 i^ll-^ f-vor^hle site, hecause closely skirted h- tre unndulter- ted 

 polar current, on the one hnnd, while on the other tt^ is location 

 would he within easv re-ch of wa-mer coastal waters withm the 

 Gnlf of St. Lawrence. At present, regular steamhoat communication 

 is'maintained to t^r^is region in sumcner, while ^ome sup^-iies and 

 ships stores (including fuel oil) ,^.re ohtain.-hle ■';t Battle IL^rhor: 

 the Inst item is an especial advn.ntage. But in winter the aog-sied 

 is still the only certain m.eans of communicr t ion with Quebec^ mak- 

 ing winter operation of a station on the shores of the otriius of 

 Belle Isle practically out of the question. 



The heat nlternntive -ould he some one of the several hnrhors 

 on the^erst co-.st of Newfoundland th-t are easily reof'^ed from St. 

 Johns, where supplies of all kinds are to he h.-'d, nnd the general 

 facilities of a 1-rge citv. And while the Lahrador current xoses 

 something of its purel- Arctic character h- the time it has drift- 

 ed -s far south as V-^ s in sum.mer, the outer Newfoundland co-st 

 of fers" excellent opportunities for studying fjord conditions under 

 verv low temperatures, as for instance, in ^".hite Bay; equnilr for 

 studvinF ti^e" contrasting conditions th- t develop in sum-er ';:S the 

 result of local warmin-s. The chief geographic aHv-nt-ge of t>^is 

 sector however, would he the possihilit- o^ --'orkinf? occasj'on-^lly 

 in winter as well as in summer, though ice and had we^.ther would > .- 

 w-.vs make winter work at sea uncertain ^ nd hazardous off t-e New- 

 foundland coast. 



B. :)CEANIC SUB-ST'i.TION. 



If en oceanic suh-station is to serve its purpose it mus"^; he 

 f-vomhl^^ situated for the stud- of prohlems that h-ve to do witn_ 

 the ah-ssal wr ter and with mid-oceanic conditions generally. inis 

 nor Id include the'phTsiology and life histories of animals living 

 under^ -hyssal conditions of lie:ht, temperature, and oressuro- tre 

 relationships het-eon pel-f^,ic plants -nd the chamistrv r.nd ph"sics 



