\ 



6 GENERAL FARM PROGRAM 



calendar year in which such marketing year begins, marketing quotas applicable 

 to previous crops shall be terminated (sees. 371 (a), (b), and 326 (c) as modified 

 by Public Law 74, 77th Cong.). 



B. Proclamation of supplies 



The Secretary is required not later than July 15 of each marketing year to 

 ascertain and proclaim the total supply and the normal supply of wheat for such 

 marketing year (sec. 332). 



C. National acreage allotment 



1. When proclaimed. — If a national marketing quota is proclaimed the Secretarj^ 

 is required to proclaim a national acreage allotment for wheat. Such allotment 

 may also be proclaimed even though the supply situation is such as not to require 

 the proclamation of a national marketing quota. In either event, the national 

 acreage allotment must be proclaimed not later than Julv 15 for the next crop of 

 wheat (sec. 332). 



2. Amoxmt. — The national acreage allotment for any crop of wheat is required 

 to be that acreage which will, on the basis of the national average yield of wheat, 

 produce an amount adequate, together with the estimated carry-over at the 

 beginning of the marketing year for such crop and imports, make available a 

 supply equal to a normal year's domestic consumption and exports plus 30 percent 

 of such consumption and exports. The national acreage allotment may not, 

 however, be less than 55,000,000 acres (sec. 333). 



S. Apportionment to States, counties, and farms. — The Secretary is required to 

 apportion (a) the national acreage allotment among States on the basis of the 

 acreage seeded for production of wheat during the preceding 10 calendar years, 

 with adjustments for abnormal weather and trends in acreage during such period; 

 (b) the State acreage allotment among counties in the State on the basis of the 

 acreage seeded for production of wheat during the preceding 10 calendar years, 

 with adjustments for abnormal weather and trends in acreage during such period 

 and for the promotion of soil-conservation practices; and (c) the county acreage 

 allotment among farms in the county on the basis of tillable acres, crop-rotation 

 practices, type of soil, and topography. Not more than 3 percent of the county 

 allotment may be apportioned to farms on which wheat has not been planted 

 during any of the three marketing years preceding the marketing year in which 

 the allotment is made, except that aliy farm which received an allotment in 1942 

 may retain its status as an "old" farm if certain designated war crops were pro- 

 duced thereon during the war emergency years 1945, 1946, and 1947 (sec. 334 as 

 modified by Public Law 12, 79th Cong.)'. 



D. Farm marketing quotas 



1. Amount. — The farm marketing qviota for a crop of wheat is the actual pro- 

 duction of the acreage planted to wheat on the farm less the "farm marketing 

 excess". The farm marketing excess is the normal production or the actual 

 production, whichever is the smaller, of the acreage planted to wheat on the farm 

 in excess of the farm acreage allotment, except that the farm marketing excess 

 may not be larger than the amount by which the actual production on the farm 

 exceeds the normal production of the farm acreage allotment if the producer 

 establishes such production to the satisfaction of the Secretary (sec. 335 (c) as 

 modified by Public Law 74, 77th Cong.). 



2. Marketing quota penalty. — During any marketing year for which marketing 

 quotas are in effect, the producer is subject to a penalty on the farm marketing 

 excess equal to 50 percent of the basic loan rate on the commodity applicable to 

 cooperators.'^ The penalty may be postponed or avoided by storing the farm 

 marketing excess in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary or by 

 delivering such excess to the Secretary for his disposal. Until the farm marketing 

 excess is stored, delivered to the Secretary, or the penalty paid (a) the entire crop 

 of wheat is subject to a lien in favor of the United States for the payment of the 

 penalty; and (b) each bushel of wheat marketed by the producer to any person 

 within' the United States is subject to a penalty at the above rate payable by the 

 buyer who may deduct such penalty from the purchase price. The commodity 

 is regarded as "marketed" even though it is used on the farm. If the wheat is 

 stored, the penalty must be paid by the producer at the time and to the extent 

 of any depletion of the stored commodity, except depletion resulting from causes 

 beyond t>io producer's control (sec. 339 as modified by Public Law 74, 77th Cong.). 



" See footnote 9. 



