GENERAL FARM PROGRAM 3 



during the preceding 5 years and to farms with small quotas. Such allotment is 

 made on the same basis as for old farms * except that the factor of past marketings 

 does not apply. The quota for a new farm cannot exceed 75 percent of the quota 

 for an old farm which is similar with respect to soil, rotation practices, and 

 production facilities (sec. 313 (c)). 



3. Farm acreage allotments. — Where the State quota is converted to a State 

 acreage allotment, the Secretary is authorized to establish farm-acreage allotments 

 on the basis of the factors specified for establishing farm-marketing quotas, using 

 past acreage in lieu of past marketings of tobacco. The amount of the national 

 quota reserved for new and small farms may also be converted to acres. New 

 farm allotments are made on the basis of (a) the land, labor, and equipment 

 available for the production of tobacco; crop-rotation practices: and the soil and 

 other physical factors affecting the production of tobacco; and (6) the past 

 experience of the farm operator (sec. 313 (g)). 



4. Amount. — Where farm acreage allotments are not established, the amount 

 of the farm quota is the number of pounds of tobacco allotted to the farm. Where 

 farm acreage allotments are established, the farm quota is the actual production 

 of tobacco from the farm acreage allotment (sec. 313 (b) and (g)). 



5. Minimum Quota and acreage allotment for old farms. — The quota for an old 

 farm cannot be less than the smaller of either (a) 3,200 pounds in the case of 

 flue-cured and 2,400 pounds in the case of other kinds of tobacco, or (6) the 

 average production for the farm for the preceding 3 years. If a farm acreage 

 allotment is established such allotment is required to be increased by the smaller 

 of (a) 20 percent of such allotment, or (6) the percentage by which the normal 

 yield of such allotment is less than 3,200 pounds in the case of flue-cured and 

 2,400 pounds in the case of other kinds of tobacco, but in no case may a farm 

 with a burley-tobacco allotment in 1943 be given an allotment less than the 

 smaller of 1 acre or 25 percent of the cropland in the farm (sec. 313 (b) and (g), 

 and sec. 313 (a) as modified by Public Law 276, 78th Cong.). 



6. Marketing penalty. — Tobacco marketed in excess of the farm marketing 

 quota is subject to a penalty per pound of 40 percent of the season's average 

 price per pound for such tobacco for the preceding marketing year (sec. 314 (a)). 



III. CORN 



A. Proclamation of marketing quotas 



1. When made. — The Secretary is required to proclaim marketing quotas for 

 corn whenever in any calendar year he determines (a) that the total supply ^ 

 for the marketing year beginning in such calendar year will exceed the normal 

 supply ^ for such marketing year by more than 20 percent, or (6) that the total 

 supply for the marketing year ending in such calendar year is not less than the 

 normal supply and the average farm price for corn for three successive months 

 in such marketing year does not exceed 66 percent of the parity price. The 

 proclamation of marketing quotas for any crop of corn may be made at any time 

 between January 1 and November 15 of the calendar year preceding the year in 

 which such crop is grown (sec. 322 (a)). 



2. Area in which applicable. — Marketing quotas may be proclaimed for and 

 made effective in only what is known as the commercial corn-producing area. 

 The Secretary is required to determine such area each year not later than Feb- 

 ruary 1 and to include therein all counties in which the average production of 

 corn (excluding corn used as silage) during the preceding 10 calendar years, after 

 adjustments for abnormal weather conditions, is 450 bushels or more per farm 

 and 4 bushels or more per acre of farm land in the coimtv (sees. 322 (a), 327, 

 301 (b) (4) (A)). 



3. Referendum. — Within 20 days after the proclamation of marketing quotas 

 the Secretary is required to conduct a referendum to determine whether farmers 

 who would be subject to such quotas favor or oppose them. Approval by at least 

 two-thirds of the farmers voting in the referendum is required to make such quotas 

 effective and the Secretary is required, prior to the following March 10, to proclaina 

 the results of the referendum if such quotas are disapproved (sec. 322 (d)). 



' Farms on which tobacco has been produced in 1 or more of the preceding 5 years. 



6 "Total supply" means the carry-over on October 1 plus the estimated production for the current calen« 

 dar vear plus the estimated imports for the marketing year beginning in the current calendar year. 



' "Normal supply" means the estimated domestic consumption in the preceding marketing year plus 

 estimated exports for the marketing year for which the determination is made plus 7 percent of such con- 

 sumption and exports as a carry-over allowance. 



