GENERAL FARM PROGRAM 195 



the fact that they have been planted, as you say, you cannot reverse 

 the trend overnight. In the event you impose quotas on wheat there 

 will be a national referendum and the large man will be cut exactly 

 in the same ratio as the small man. 



Secretary Braxxaiv. And if the Congress wanted to, it could step 

 up the ratio and the higher acreage. 



The Chairmax. And if he sold anything above his marketing quota, 

 he would be subjected to a penalty of 50 percent. 



Mr. PoAGE. As a matter of fact, Mr. Brannan, where have our 

 bigger surpluses come from and where have our bigger farmers 

 developed? Ai-e they not in wheat? Tom Campbell is one illustra- 

 tion. He developed during a time when there was acreage control on 

 wheat. 



Delta Pine Land Co. grows cotton in Mississippi and they have 

 operated every year that there has been acreage control. You have 

 not eliminated them because of any acreage control. 



The Anderson-Clayton Co. is operating 20,000 acres in Mr. White's 

 district. 



Just beyond is Employers Associates, Inc., with 35,000 acres pro- 

 ducing something like thirty to fifty thousand bales of cotton. 



There is where you have actually developed the big farmers. They 

 are in the basic commodities. You have not developed them in the 

 growing of caraway seed or asparagus. You have developed these 

 big time farmers and the big time crops. 



Potatoes is another example. All of them are the crops under 

 which we have supports, the crops that are or have been controlled. 

 That is where you have developed this great corporate farming. You 

 have not developed corporate farming among the fellows who are 

 growing a little sweetpotatoes or Shetland ponies. 



The Anderson-Clayton people are fine people, but they have gone 

 into farming in a big way. If you want to talk about stopping big 

 time development you have to talk about these basic crops, ^h\ 

 Secretary. You cannot say that because cotton has been controlled 

 there has been no' development of big operators in the cotton business. 



Every year since we have had controls in cotton the little man has 

 been squeezed out because he could not make a living in cotton pro- 

 duction. The big man has gone into it bigger and bigger because he 

 bought up acreage, because he wanted to get more and more produc- 

 tion. Do not tell me they have not done it under controls, Mr. 

 Secretary. 



The very fact that you have controls encourages this big man to 

 go out and buy up 50 or 100 little farms. The very thing you named, 

 Mr. Secretary, is encouraged by the controls on acreage because in 

 order to get the right to plow up a bunch of homesteads some big 

 concern has to buy up a lot of small operators and they do buy them 

 up and have been doing it steadily. 



If you are going to stop this trend, there is where you must direct 

 your efforts. I think it is a laudable effort, although I have not fully 

 agreed that your proposal will stop it. You have to recognize that 

 you must deal with the men in cotton and wheat and corn and tobacco 

 just the same as you have to deal with the people who are in some crop 

 we never heard of, such as radishes, if we are to effectively check the 

 concentration of farm land. 



Mr. White. Will the gentleman yield for a minute? 



