314 GENERAL FARM PROGRAM 



of distribution: United States, 1948: Commodities: cattle and calves, 

 16.5 percent; dairy products, 14.5 percent; hogs, 13.2 percent; poultry 

 and eggs, 9.9 percent; wheat, 8.9 percent; cotton lint, 6.8 percent; 

 truck crops, 4 percent; corn, 3.5 percent; tobacco, 3.3 percent. 



Mr. Geangek. You sure had to dig deep to get it, did you not? 



Secretary B.fiANNAN. That is only nine commodities and we did 

 drop one of those out, truck crops. 



The Chairman. How much tax is paid by the other commodities? 



Secretary Brannan. None. 



Mr. Granger. Yoa had said before that this was a farmers' pro- 

 gram and j'ou wanted to stay away from soil-depleting crops. You 

 had some doubts as to what should be done about the marketing. 



Do you subscribe to the methods now employed in tbe marketing 

 of tobacco? 



Secretary Brannan. I do not think I know enough aboat it to com- 

 ment. Air. Granger. I do say that the producers of tobacco through 

 accepting acreage limitation and marketing quotas have made a very 

 realistic approach to their own problems and I think have taken good 

 advantage of their situation. 



Mr. Granger. Have you seen these calloused, barefooted farmers 

 following the fellows who were giving the chant and wondering what 

 would happen when they got to the end of the row and the tobacco 

 was sold? They have been doing that for a hundred years and nobody 

 knows anything about it and I think they are being robbed. 



The Chairman. Robbed by whom? 



Mr. Granger. By the people who buy their tobacco, the Big Three 

 who control the tobacco, the Big Three who do not want any unit 

 control. 



The Chairman. I think the gentleman from Utah will agree that 

 the tobacco program has been the most successful of any program which 

 has been undertaken by the Federal Government in its entire history 

 and perhaps, of agriculture. Under the program we have gotten for 

 the farmers a better price than they have received in any other com- 

 parable period in all history. 



Mr. Granger. Because it is an absolute monopoly controlled and 

 directed by a few and why should not there be? Talk about regi- 

 mentation. There it is in the Hitler fashion. And you come here and 

 propose to put this kind of business into a food program for the 

 American people. I would like to kick it out. If it goes into a pre- 

 ferred class, I am certainly going to have wool in. 



Mr. O'SuLLiVAN. Will the gentleman yield? 



Mr. Granger. Yes. 



Mr. O'Sullivan. This is a farm program and wherever practical^ 

 everything that is raised on the farm should be in the program. Is 

 that not true? They certainly raise tobacco on farms. 



The Chairman. But I do not suppose they smoke it out in Utah» 

 Mr. Secretary, we will adjourn until 2 o'clock. 



(Whereupon, at 12 o'clock noon, the committee adjourned, until 2 

 p. m., same day.) 



afternoon session 



The Chairman. The committee will be in order. Mr. Murray, of 

 Wisconsin, desires to question the Secretary at this time. 



Mr. Murray. Mr. Secretary, to begin with, I would like to review 

 the idea of supports. The first support, from a Federal Government 



