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nuclear dumping was. Knowing that would add significantly to our 

 understanding of potential future risks. 



Dr. Brass. I might add something to that, as well, Mr. Chair- 

 man, and Bob Edson can give you even more information on this, 

 but it turns out in pursuing the records of dumped material, not 

 all of the things supposed to have been dumped are dumped where 

 it says they were dumped. There has been considerable effort to 

 find some and at least one large one has not yet been found. One, 

 for example, that was listed as a barge full of radioactive material 

 looks in sonar imaging to be the Liberty ship. 



Mr. Weldon. Are we using the same modeling that you talked 

 about to model and watch the dumping that occurred off the San 

 Francisco coast a few years ago? Are any of you familiar with that? 

 Is that part of this? You would not know that, I guess. 



Admiral Pelaez. I would have to take that for the record to an- 

 swer that specifically. Of course, we run global ocean models. We 

 have running global ocean models, but I do not know if it was used 

 at all in any particular dumping there. 



Mr. Weldon. Very good. And Dr. Gershwin, you mentioned the 

 Bellona Foundation. As I mentioned earlier, we have been joined 

 today by Frederick Hodge, who is the chief director of Bellona and 

 we had a press conference before this hearing to state our concern 

 for what occurred to Bellona in terms of the security apparatus in 

 Russia. 



I have one final question. The recommendation of Bellona today 

 to us was that perhaps we should have an international commis- 

 sion established to monitor nuclear waste sites, and since there is 

 currently no such operation, we have all these commissions looking 

 at nuclear weapons but we do not have anjrthing specific to nuclear 

 waste sites. What is your response to that, if any, off the top? 



Admiral Pelaez. I would be a strong supporter. 



Mr. Weldon. The others, the same? 



Dr. Gershwin. I would certainly say that from the point of view 

 of the U.S. intelligence community, we would understand a lot bet- 

 ter what the risks are if we had access to information. 



Mr. Weldon. And the Arctic Commission? 



Dr. Brass. I think, in addition to simply monitoring, to standing 

 and watching these operations, it is probably worthwhile to conduct 

 at least a basic research program in them. You heard Dr. Yablokov 

 discuss the motion through the groundwater of the Myak radio- 

 nuclides. This is a very serious problem and it takes more than just 

 a few monitoring sites to keep track of what is going on and what 

 processes are active in the system. 



Mr. Weldon. Thank you. 



Mr. Kennedy. 



Mr. Kennedy. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 



I have questions that I will follow up with the individual panel 

 members later on. Thank you. 



Mr. Weldon. Thank you, Mr. Kennedy. 



Let me thank the panelists for their excellent testimony and 

 their comments. This concludes the one part of our hearing. 



We are going to move into our fourth and final panel picking up 

 a different issue, but before we do, there are a number of publica- 

 tions that I would like to simply acknowledge for the record that 



