ILLINOIS STATE BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION. 89 



was more along the course of nature teachings than along practical 

 bee-keeping lines, although they did have a bee-keeper that came in, 

 spent about four days with them showing them some manipulations. 

 They have five colonies on the campus at one time when I was over 

 there and three of them had American foul brood, two were free at 

 that time apparently. The man that gave the work, they informed me 

 last winter, had gone to the army and the course was abandoned for 

 the time being, so we cannot expect much help from that source at 

 the present time. Possibly in the future they will devote as much time 

 to bee culture as they do to poultry raising, which is quite an item at 

 the State University. 



The Secretary. — I should Hke to say, Mr. President, that when 

 I come to read proof that there will be a great deal of interest in it 

 when I come to read such addresses as we have just listened to. 



The President. — I must say that I thoroughly enjoyed this talk. 

 I do not know when I have heard an address like this one and one that 

 has contained so much of interest to bee-keepers. It is well to bear in 

 mind the words of the the inspector of Iowa, especially in regard to the 

 educational part of it and I really think that the aim of the state in- 

 spector and his deputies should be education rather than extermination. 



We have another paper that is not on the program and that is 

 one by Mrs. Kildow. 



The Secretary. — It is a prize essay, is it not? 



The President. — ^I should like to have it go under prize essays, 

 but she insists otherwise. 



DUTY OF BEE-KEEPERS. 



{By Mrs. Kildow.) 



At the present time our thoughts are turned toward war and the 

 results of war; and it behooves every bee-keeper to show his patriotism 

 by work, conservation, and cooperation, as well as by investing in 

 Liberty Bonds. 



By work, I mean that every bee-keeper should keep more bees, keep 

 them better, work more energetically, and thus produce more honey. 

 By producing more honey and using it more freely we are conserving 

 sugar, and this conservation is to stand by our government and back 

 up the boys who have won the World's War for us. 



Honey is in great demand as a substitute for sugar and the house- 

 wives are learning its real value in the culinary line. They find that 

 it is equal to, if not better than sugar for sweeting bread, cakes, cookies, 

 most kinds of pies and desserts. Then it certainly is the duty of each 

 bee-keeper to exert himself that a sufficient supply of honey may be 

 kept on the market to supply the demand. This honey must be of a 

 good quality and put up in neat packages of convenient size, for with 

 the high prices, the housewife demands a good article. And even when 

 the limit on sugar is removed honey will still continue to be a staple 

 article in cooking as it has stood the test. 



After conservation comes cooperation. Cooperation is the test 

 of ideal civilization; and in these days men are coming closer to the 

 ideals of cooperation and American citizens are learning that they must 

 not only stand together, but they must also cultivate the virtues of 



