ILLIJfOIS STATE BEE-KEEPEKS' ASSOCIATION. 181 



when the bees of one hive catch the disease, foul brood, in a few minutes 

 the whole apiary has it. 



Putting bees at square angles, far apart, different directions, 

 prevents the bees entering other hives and the disease is less likely to 

 be carried. There are hundreds of little tricks like that that bee-keepers 

 do not know. 



Preventing foul brood, by instruction and education, helps a 

 little, but when it comes to the eradication and cure, you cannot and 

 will not prevent by education alone. If you ever want to get rid of 

 foul brood in this new era of bee-keeping, we have to have State laws 

 regulating foul brood inspection and education by severe penalties; 

 that means a bee inspector has to be a State or Government officer, 

 with police powers. There are universities in this country, depart- 

 ments of entomology, which still maintain an old bee inspection in 

 their department, which is an absolutely wrong idea. A university 

 cannot exercise policy powers; if a university or school or education 

 has teachers or professors who are policemen it will sooner or later 

 have the odium of the people of the State because the police powers 

 are always hateful to the people, and for this reason the best institutions 

 in this country discard police powers and do not want to have anything 

 to do with them; in other words, the inspection of bees has to be con- 

 nected with the State policy department. 



Every state in the Union ought to be divorced from inspection 

 from the schools and universities and have it organized in the proper 

 department where it belongs, and if the bee-keepers in the different 

 states do not take this matter in their own hands, and let it drift along, 

 we are going to be just as inert as we were in the past year before we 

 received the "kick" to move forward. 



Why are police powers necessary for bee inspection? Because 

 when it comes to going on to a man's property and he does not want 

 you to, he is nothing more nor less than a mule; when you touch a 

 man's private property, his whole nature resents it; he objects, he 

 drives back the intruder; he will not have you interfere with his affairs; 

 among bee-keepers we find that again and again; inspectors are being 

 driven back; in our State a man was nearly shot one day; the bee- 

 keeper said: "This- is my property and no living man can touch a 

 thing on my land." When we meet a man of this kind, of that Bol- 

 sheivik disposition, German stubborness — the thing to deal with is 

 the police department, rather the police powers; a bee inspector should 

 of course kindly and politely with power and authority if necessary, 

 bring that man to time, because by the laws of the country in w^hich 

 we live any man is free to do what he pleases if he interferes with the 

 rights of his neighbor and who interferes with the rights of his neighbor 

 more than the man who keeps bees with foul brood in his yard year 

 after year, ruining his bees and mine? 



Stringent powers on the part of the Government to deal wdth the 

 question under systematic management is the only hope that foul brood 

 will not spread. You know what a menace this foul brood is to our 

 industry, and if you realize it you would go to work and agree what 

 is best to do — but if we do not decide which is the best way, how can 

 we do anything? There is not a single state in the Union to-day that 



