practice to get them in proper position; also learn to have 

 them held properly after they are tied. The operator should 

 keep cool and go slow, use no bad words, and show no cru- 

 elty to the poor hoise that has not consented to such treat- 

 ment, which he will prove by struggling, unless your nose 

 twitch and half-hitch on his jaw constrains him to lie still, 

 and thereby help you to do your work quicker. We will now 

 suppose your ridgling is properly tied and held in position 

 by three or more assistants, as in cut 9, on his right side, 

 with chin up and back, and the top ridgling rope over your 

 shoulder as you sit down flat on the ground, facing the horse 

 with your legs over his tail; now grasp the sheath in your 

 left hand, well forward, and make your incision through 

 the skin four inches long, about one inch above the septum, 

 or raphe, just where the seed should be, if down properly. 

 Now with the two front fingers like glove stretchers, sepa- 

 rate the tissues up the inguinal canal, but do not gouge into 

 the body of the sheath; go up near the skin. When your 

 hand is in the inguinal ring, six or seven inches up, according 

 to the size of the horse, your fingers should be only one-half 

 inch below the black skin; now oil your hand well with a 

 tablespoonful of the best carbolized olive oil, and insert your 

 hand, with the fingers pointed together cone-shaped, and 

 rotate your lefc hand while you push upward, about five 

 pounds weight, and slowly open the inguinal canal. The 

 rotation of your hand will cause the tissues to give way in 

 the proper place, until you reach the inguinal ring, which is 

 up about eight inches in an eight-hundred- pound horse, and 

 nine inches in a thousand- pound horse, and ten inches in a 

 twelve-hundred-pound horse, and about twelve inches up in 

 a fifteen-hundred pound horse, varying only a little from this, 



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