What little spaying I have done on cows and mares per va- 

 gina has been done with rude instruments of my own — 

 a spear eighteen inches long, with a hook half an inch be- 

 hind the point to cut back with, and surgeons' curved scis- 

 sors twenty-two inches long. 



SPEAR — EIGHTEEN INCHES LONG. 



I first insert my left hand in the vagina, then the front 

 finger into the os uteri, and bear down and forward, and 

 puncture the vagina two inches behind the os uteri, above; 

 then draw on the hook upon the end of the spear to split the 

 vagina about two inches. I then remove the spear, and 

 with my left hand enlarge the opening, and pass my hand 

 on in the abdomen and grasp the ovaries, one at a time, 

 and nip them off with the dull points of the long curved 

 scissors, cows and mares both alike. No after treatment is 

 used but my castrating tincture to mares as per ridglings 

 later on. 



To spay a bitch of any size or age, 1 want a rope snug 

 around the neck, held straight out in front of them, but al- 

 ways under the chin, now tie a strong string three feet long 

 over the nose and rope, one knot under the chin, then up 

 behind the ears, and tie tightly on the top of the neck, near 

 the head, in a bow-knot; then with a string or rope, accord- 

 ing to the size of the dog, loop one end above each hook. 

 Now hang the pup or bitch up so that the two hind teats, 

 when hung up, would be nearly as high as your shoulders 

 — about three of four inches below. Next loop the ends of 

 another string three feet long around each frout leg. These 

 you can slip up or down on the frout legs to suit you after- 



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