FERNS AND FERN ALLIES 



21. Aspidium cristatum, Sw. (Crested Shield- 

 fern). Quite a common fern along the borders of 

 swamps and marshes, in grass. 



22. Aspidium cristatum, var. clintonianum, D. C. 

 Eaton. Found quite commonly in several localities. 

 At York Mills, Niagara Glen, in northern and east- 

 ern Ontario in more shaded habitat than the species. 



23. Aspidium spinulosum, var. intermedium, D. C. 

 Eaton. This is perhaps our most common fern, 

 occurring in rich woods everywhere. 



24. Cystopteris bulbifera, Bernh.( Bladder Fern). 

 One of the most common swamp ferns. It is very 

 common in southern Ontario, but is rare locally 

 northward. 



25. Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. (Brittle Fern). 

 Widely distributed throughout Ontario, and varied 

 in form and habitat; occurring in some places on 

 exposed rocks, but mostly in shade. 



26. Woodsia ilvensis, K. Br. (Kusty Woodsia). 

 This is a typical northern fern, occurring on secluded 

 rocks. 



27. Dicksonia punctilobula, Gray (Hay-scented 

 Fern). This is also a common northern species, 

 growing around rocks in the open. Occurs also in 

 shaded situations near Madoc. Reported from Ingle- 

 wood in rocky woods (White). 



28. Onoclea sensibilis, L. (Sensitive Fern), with 

 the var. obtusilobata is very common in low, grassy 

 fields and thickets throughout Ontario. 

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