THE AinrY HORSE. 65 



are not thickened, and heal without leaving a scar. (The 

 ulcer of glanders, which will be studied later, has edges shaped 

 like saw teeth, and when healed leaves a jagged scar.) 



Treatment. — Is usually local and as follows: Fumigation 

 with hot water, to which antisei)tics have been added (2 ounces 

 of creolin or 2 ounces of carbolic acid to a half bucketful of 

 water) ; the steaming to continue at least one-half hour twice 

 daily. If no definite cause of the discharge can be found, good 

 results may be obtained by administering 2 drams of powdered 

 copper sulphate or the same amount of iron sulphate, in the 

 food or in a ball. In most cases, when the discharge is from 

 one nostril only, an operation is necessary to effect a cure. 



As the symptoms of this disease are so similar to glanders, 

 the animal should be isolated. The utensils, such as buckets, 

 forks, brooms, currycombs, blankets, etc.. should not be used 

 about other horses. 



PHARYNGITIS AND LARYNGITIS SORE THROAT. 



Sore throat is an inflammation of the lining membrane im- 

 mediately in the rear of the mouth and is caused by irritating 

 bodies bruising the tissues, by sudden changes in the tempera- 

 ture, and by infection. 



Symptoms. — Diminution of the appetite, cough, stiffness of 

 the liead, soreness when pressure is applied to the throat, a con- 

 siderable amount of mucus and saliva in the mouth, escaping 

 in long, transparent threads. Swallowing of liquids is pain- 

 ful: they are rejected through the nose and are often of a 

 greenish color and contain quantities of food. Temperature 

 may range from normal to 100° F., with difficulty in breathing. 



Treatment.— T\\(i sick animal should be separated from the 

 healthy ones and placed in a comfortable box stall, free from 

 drafts, but well ventilated, and should be given green food or 

 very fine hay, steamed oats, bran, or gruel: fresh water should 

 be left within reach. 



The lips and nostrils should be kept perfectly clean and the 

 mouth washed frequently with fresh water. Cold compresses 

 should be used if the parts are hot, tender, and painful. If an 

 abscess is likely to form, poultices of linseed meal may be 

 applied, and the abscess, when ready, should be opened, but 

 never with a knife. Cut through the skin only and then insert 

 a blunt instrument, or the finger, and allow the pus to escape. 



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