THE ak:\iy horse. 107 



Anesthetics. — Produce loss of consciousness. 



Example : Chloroform. 



Styptics. — Check hemori'hag:e. 



Example : Tincture of iron. 



Caustics.- — Destroy tissue by burning. 



Examples: Lunar caustic, copper sulphate, etc. 



Expectorants. — Act upon the mucous membrane of the re- 

 spiratory organs and cause an expulsion of their secretions. 



Example : Chloride of ammonia. 



Stimulants. — Promptly but temporarily increase nervous 

 vigor, thus increasing action of the heart and other functions. 



Examples: Alcohol, ammonia, ether. 



Alteratives. — Correct morbid conditions without causing 

 marked physiological effects. 



Examples: Mercury, iodine, iodide of potassium. 



Astringents. — Contract living tissues. 



Examples: Alum, zinc sulphate, tannic acid. 



Sedatives. — Depress (slow) both the nervous and circulatory 

 systems. 



Examples: Aconite, acetanilid, potas. bromide. 



Anodynes. — Relieve pain by diminishing the excitability of 

 nerves and nerve centers. 



Examples: Opium, belladonna. 



Antispasmodics. — Prevent or remove spasmodic contractions 

 of voluntary or involuntary muscles. 



Examples: Belladonna, sulphuric ether. 



Carminatives. — Aid in the expulsion of gas from the intes- 

 tines by increasing natural movement, stimulating circulation, 

 etc. 



Examples: Capsicum, ginger, aromatic spts. ammonia, sul- 

 phuric ether, etc. 



Febrifuges or antipyretics. — Agents Avhich reduce high tem- 

 perature of the blood ; reduce fever. 



Examples: Acetanilid. cold water. 



VETERINARY MEDICINES. 



Acetanilid. — Is a febrifuge and antiseptic. Used internally 

 to lower fever in doses of from 1 to 4 drams. Used externally 

 as an antiseptic in the form of a dry dressing. 



Acid^ arsenioiis (arsenic). — Is an irritant, corrosive poison, 

 given internally in doses of from 1 to n grains as a digestive 



