MAMMALIA. 379 



npon another, is a principle that should ever be kept in view, 

 and with which the mind of the learner should become familiar. 

 We have seen, that, according to the nature of the food, there 

 is an adaptation of parts both internal and external ; these are 

 accompanied by corresponding habits. Hencethe organs needful 

 for the providing of food — or in other words, the teeth and 

 the extremities — furnish, so far as external characters are con- 

 cerned, a sound basis for classification ; and as such they were 

 regarded by Cuvier. 



While, however, the system laid down by that distinguished 

 naturalist, in the last edition of his Regne Animal, is here 

 adopted, it is not implicitly followed in every particular. 

 Since the publication of that work, vast accessions to our 

 knowledge of animals have been received, and impose the 

 necessity of some chang-es in the classification. It would be 

 contrary to the spirit of Cuvier not to concede what is thus 

 demanded.* 



The following distribution of the inferior animals into ten 

 orders, is that which is sanctioned by the writings of two 

 British naturalists, whose o];inion on such matters is entitled 

 to the highest respect. f Man is also included under the dis- 

 tinctive term applied to that of which he is the sole represen- 

 tative, thus making eleven orders in all. 



I. Bimana (two-handed) Man. 



II. Quadrumana (four-handed) Monkeys. 



III. Cheiroptera (finger-ivinged) Bats. 



IV. Insectivora (insect-eating) Hedgehog, Shrew. 

 V. Carnivora (flesh-eating) Lion, Tiger, Bear. 



VI. Cetacea (whale-like) Whale, Porpoise. 



VII. Pachydermata (thick-skinned) Elephant, Bhinoceros. 



VIII. Ruminantia (ruminating) Ox, Deer. 



IX. Edentata (toothless) Sloth, Ant-eater. 



X. Rodentia {gnawing Bat, Hare, Squirrel. 



XI. Marsupiata (pouched) Opossum, Kangaroo. 



It is qmte impossible in any linear arrangement such as the 



* The principal change is the separation of the Bats (^Cheiroptera) and 

 the Hedgehogs, &c. (Iiueclivora), from Cuvier's order of " Carnasfters," 

 or flpsh-eating animals, and the elevation of those groups from the ranks of 

 Families to that of distinct Orders. There are also changes with regard to 

 the Marsupial animals. 



t Professor Owen, in Cj'clopwdia of Anatomy and Physiologj-; and G. 

 K. Waterhousc, Esq., in Magazine and Annals of Natural Ilistor)-. 



