DERMAPTERA AND ORTROPTERA. 



345 



slender form, with long, many-jointed antennas, and two 

 long, slender, jointed caudal ap- 

 pendages. It lives under stones, 

 and C. Cookei lives in Mammoth 

 Cave. 



Order 2. Dermaptera. The 

 earwigs (Forficula) have a flat 



Fig. 318. A Poduran (Tomocerus) and its scales. Much enlarged. 



body, ending in a forceps; while the 

 fore-wings are small, the large hind- 

 wings being folded under them. 



Order 3. Orthoptera* The insects 

 of this group, so called from the 

 straight-edged fore- wings of the grass- 

 hoppers, locusts, crickets, etc., are 

 characterized by their net -veined 

 wings and incomplete metamorphosis. 

 Organs of hearing may be situated 

 either on the fore-legs, as in the green 

 grasshoppers, katydids, or at the base 

 of the abdomen, as in the locusts. 

 Most Orthoptera have a large ovi- 

 positor, by which they burrow in the 

 earth or into soft wood, and deposit 

 their eggs singly or in masses. Mantis 

 (Fig. 320) lays its eggs in a cocoon- 

 like mass. 



Many Orthoptera, as the crickets, green grasshoppers, 

 * See Reports 1-3 of TJ. S. Entomological Commission, with plates. 



Fig. 319. Campodea. a, 

 mandibles; 6, maxilla. 



