CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 



367 



! 4)rder 15. Lepidoptera. Body and wings covered with scales; 

 maxillae lengthened into a very long tongue; larvae (cater- 

 pillars) with abdominal legs (Tinea, Geometra, Noctua, 

 Bombyx, Sphinx, Papilio). 



' Order 16. Hymenoptera. Wings clear, with few veins; mouth- 

 parts with a variety of functions, i.e., biting, lapping 

 liquids, etc. In the higher families the thorax consists of 

 four segments, the first abdominal segment of the larva 

 being transferred to the thorax in the pupa and imago. 

 Metamorphosis complete (Tenthredo, Cynips, Ichneumon, 1 

 Sphex, Vespa, Apis). 



TABTJLAB VIEW OP THE SIXTEEN OBDEBS OF INSECTA. 



Metabola 



Ametabola. 



(Campodea.) 



Laboratory Work. In dissecting Myriopods, spiders, and insects, the 

 dorsal portion of the integument should be carefully removed with 

 fine scissors, leaving the hypodermis untouched; this should then be 

 raised, disclosing the delicate heart or dorsal vessel. The alimentary 

 canal will be found passing through the middle of the body; it should 

 be laid open with the scissors, or, better, a hardened alcoholic specimen 

 can readily be cut in two longitudinally, and if the section is true, the 

 cesophagus and crop for example, of a locust can be laid open, and 



