n] 



SCHIZOCARP 



21 



termed a Samara (Figs. 31, 66). The wings are adapted 

 for distribution by the wind. 



Fig. 19. Ailanthus glandulosa, Tree of Heaven. D, vertical section 

 of ovary, disc and base of stamens ; E, fruit with three ripe carpels, one 

 in section through the seed (E and P). 



In the Umbel life rse, Malva, and some others we find a 

 type of dry fruit, composed of two or more carpels, where 

 the carpels separate at maturit}' from the floral axis, but 

 do not dehisce, and so have a resemblance to achenes, and 

 like them are often confounded with seeds. The whole 

 fruit is a Schizocarp ; and each carpel thus separated is 

 called a Mericarp, and it frequently remains attached by 

 a slender process of its walls for some time to the floral 

 axis or its prolongation {carpophore) until completely 

 detached by the wind or otherwise. 



In the Geraniacese the mericarps and carpophore are 

 prolonged as the characteristic beak, whence the names 

 "Crane's-bills," "Stork's-bills" applied to these fruits. In 

 Malva the mericarps separate at once. In the Maples 



