170 BLACKBERRY: DOG ROSE 



bearing prickles, as also do the petioles ; stipules subulate 

 and attached some way up the petiole. Venation pinnate, 

 as in R. Ccesius, p. 160. Autumn leaves usually green 

 with purple blotches. 



[The species is extremely variable, and forms numerous 

 hybrids. As many as 45 varieties have been described for 

 the British Flora. Of these the glaucous and trifoliolate 

 sub-species R. Ccesius, L. (sp.), the Dewberry, has perhaps 

 the best claims to be ranked separately (see p. 160), but 

 several of the other forms are well marked by characters 

 derived from the number of the leaflets, the glandular, 

 hairy or glabrous under-surfaces, length of petiolules, 

 shape of lamina, &c, the characters of the shoots e.g. 

 angular, bristly, prickly, or glandular, arching and rooting, 

 &c. and certain peculiarities of the flowers and fruit.] 



tt Leaflets relatively small, the whole leaf 

 elongated and pinnate. Stipules adnate and 

 broad or foliaceous. Shoots cylindrical. 



Prickles stout, recurved, and more or less 

 compressed like claws, with broad bases. 



I~l Leaflets not fragrant, nor evidently 

 glandular on the veins ; surface usually 

 glabrous and margins serrate. 



Rosa canina, L. Dog Rose (Fig. 40). Large scram- 

 bling bush, with long arching terete shoots. Prickles 

 equal, hooked. Leaves with 5 7 leaflets, each more or 

 less oval or ovate, glabrous and sharply serrate ; or some- 

 times glabrous above and downy beneath, and bi-serrate 

 or even triply serrate. Rarely with a few inconspicuous 

 glandular hairs on the venation. May be dark green and 

 shining above and glaucous or matt beneath ; and the 

 terminal leaflet may be obovate. Purplish brown in 

 autumn. 



