JUNIPER: BELL HEATHER 191 



* Leaves in whorls of three or four. 



+ Leaves subulate, pungent, spreading, hard 

 and rigid ; in whorls of three ; margins not 

 revolute, and no groove beneath. Erect 

 resinous shrub. 



Juniperus communis, L. Juniper. Tufted bush. 

 Leaves crowded, subulate, linear-lanceolate, narrowed at 

 the base, straight, and sharp, prickle-pointed, spreading 

 in whorls of 3; about 1 2 or even 3 cm. long, and 

 1 2 mm. broad, the lower shorter, bright green beneath, 

 glaucous and channelled above, with one or two silvery- 

 lines; margin and midrib prominent. Venation simple 

 and obscure. The leaves persist about 4 years : reddish in 

 winter. Stomata on upper surface. One central resin- 

 canal immediately beneath the axial vascular bundle. 

 Vascular bundle undivided. Endodermis poorly de- 

 veloped. 



tt Leaves not rigid and pungent ; but narrow 

 linear, &c., with revolute margins and 

 grooved beneath ; low sub-shrubs, not 

 resinous. 



Shoots and leaves glabrous. 

 n Leaves acute, in whorls of 3, rarely of 

 4, ivith numerous short axillary tufts; 

 minutely serrulate at the margins. 



Erica cinerea, L. Bell Heather. Leaves small; 

 5 8 x 0'5 1'5 mm., and crowded, with numerous short 

 axillary tufts ; in whorls of 3, or rarely of 4, narrow linear, 

 acute, glabrous, with cartilaginous whitish margins, dark 

 shining green, and minutely serrulate, plane above, with 

 a median longitudinal fine rill and keel beneath. Red- 

 brown in autumn. 



EJ EJ Leaves obtuse, in xohorls of 3 or 4 or 

 croivded and alternate at the tips of 

 the shoots. 



