328 GLOSSARY 



Sclerenchyma, tissue of cells with hard cell-walls like those in the stone 



of a plum, &c. 

 Scrambler, a plant which flings itself loosely over other objects. 

 Secondary ribs, the ribs given off directly from the midrib or primaries, 



p. 48. 

 Serrate, toothed like a saw, as in Fig. 9, p. 27. 

 Sessile, seated directly on the stem, &c, without the intervention of 



a petiole or other stalk, p. 17. 

 Setaceous, bristle-like, p. 172. 

 Sheath, the dilated lower end of the petiole enveloping the shoot, 



p. 19. 

 Sheathing, forming a sheath, p. 19. 

 Silky, like pubescent, but the hairs appressed to the surface and 



glistening like silk, p. 36. 

 Simple, of one piece, as a leaf of one lamina only, p. 15. 

 Simple, venation when the midrib alone is visible, p. 55. 

 Sinuate, wavy at the margin, as in Fig. 9, p. 27. 

 Sinus, the interval between two lobes, p. 40. 

 Spathulate, shaped like a spatula, as in Fig. 8, p. 23. 

 Spinose, studded with or ending in spines, p. 37. 

 Spongy tissue, the loose-celled part of the mesophyll, p. 86. 

 Spore, a special cell set free and capable of growing into a new individual, 



p. 71. 

 Stellate, star-shaped, p. 37. 

 Stipules, small paired appendages at the base of the petiole of many 



leaves, p. 19. 

 Stoma, an aperture in the epidermis through which the gases in and 



outside the leaf communicate, p. 98. 

 Straight-parallel, venation in which the principal ribs run straight and 



parallel almost the whole way, p. 35. 

 Striate, marked with fine lines. 

 Strict-pinnate, venation where the secondaries run stiff and straight from 



midrib to margin, p. 55. 

 Sub-rotund, nearly circular, as in Fig. 6, p. 22. 

 Subsidiary cell, a cell abutting on the guard-cell of a stoma, p. 102. 

 Subulate, shaped like a shoemaker's awl or other stiff tapering tool, as 



in Fig. 7, p. 23. 

 Sucker, an organ by means of which a plant attaches itself to another 



and absorbs food- materials from it. 

 Suppression, keeping back, or in the background. 

 Teleology, the doctrine which ascribes definite causes or aims to an 



organ or being, p. 146. 

 Terete, cylindroid, but tapering somewhat upwards. 

 Terminals, the ultimate branches of the venation, p. 48. 



