2o8 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



Leaf-scars obovate or crescentic on slightly prominent cushions, with three groups 

 of bundle-dots ; opposite scars joined by a linear ridge. Terminal buds long oval 

 or fusiform, pointed ; scales numerous, the upper rounded, the lower pointed at 

 the apex and keeled on the back, minutely ciliate in margin. Pith wide, circular, 

 green. 



9. y^sculus austrina, S>ma\\, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 1901, xxviii. 359; Sargent, 

 Man. Trees N. America, 647 (1905); /Esculus Pavia, y9 discolor, Torrey and Gray, 

 Fl N. Anter. i. 252 (1838), in part. A small tree, attaining 30 feet in height, 

 occurring in Tennessee, S. Missouri, E. Texas, and north-western Alabama. This 

 resembles the last species. The leaflets, however, are usually more irregularly but 

 finely serrate, and pale tomentose beneath. Panicles pubescent, 6 to 8 inches long. 

 Petals bright red, meeting at the tips, unequal, oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, 

 glandular, those of the upper pair about half as wide as those of the lateral pair, 

 with claws much longer than the calyx. Stamens longer than the petals. Fruit 

 brown, slightly pitted. Not introduced. 



III. Macrothyrsus. Buds not viscid. Calyx five-toothed. Petals four to 

 five, white, claws longer than the calyx. Stamens exserted, very long. 



10. y^sculus parviflora, Walter, Flora Caroliniana, 128 (1788), South-eastern 

 North America. A shrub. Leaflets five to seven, elliptical or oblong-ovate, 

 densely grey-tomentose beneath, finely serrate. Panicles erect, 8 to 10 inches long, 

 slender, narrow. Flowers white, faintly tinged with pink. The long and thread- 

 like stamens are pinkish white and very conspicuous. 



This is a valuable shrub, as it flowers late, in July or August, some five or six 

 weeks later than any of the other species except californica. Occasionally it forms 

 a short single trunk, but generally it sends up a crowd of stems from the ground. 

 It is figured in Gard. Chron. 1877, viii. fig. 129; and is often known in gardens 

 as Pavia macrostachya, Loiseleur, or ^sculus macrostachya, Michaux, See Bol. 

 Mag. t. 21 18 (1820), where it is stated that the species was introduced by Mr. 

 John Fraser in 1785. Canon Ellacombe reported in 1877^ that he had at Bitton 

 a specimen, which was at least forty years old, but that it remained a bush, not 

 exceeding 8 or 10 feet in height. 



IV. Calothyrsus, Buds viscid. Calyx two-lipped or five-lobed. Petals four, 

 pink or white, claws not longer than the calyx. Stamens exserted. 



11. yEsculus californica, Nuttall. California. 



12. ^sculus Parryi, A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. xvii. 200 (1881); Sargent, 

 Garden and Forest, 1890, p. 356, fig. 47. Lower California. A small shrub, 

 resembling the preceding species ; but differing in the five-lobed calyx, and in the 

 leaflets, which are small, obovate and hoary pubescent beneath. It has not been 

 introduced. 



V. Hybrids. The most important is ^sculus carnea, Hayne, which is a cross 

 between the common horse-chestnut and A. Pavia. This is described fully below, 



' Gard. Chron. 1877, viii. 691. 



