424 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



PINUS LEUCODERMIS, Herzegovinian Pine 



Pinus leucodermis, Antoine, Oestr. Bot. Zeitung. xiv. 366 (1864); Beck v. Mannagetta, Weiner Illust. 



Gartenzeit, 1889, p. 136, and Veg. Ulyrischen Lander, 353 (1901); Ascherson u. Graebner, 



Syn. Mitteleurop. Flora, i. 212 (1897). 

 Pinus Laricio, Poiret, var. leucodermis, Christ, Flora, 1. 81 (1867) ; Masters, Journ. Linn. Soc. {Bat.) 



XXXV. 626 (1904). 



An alpine tree attaining rarely 90 feet in height and 6 feet in girth. Bark 

 ashy grey, Assuring into irregular plates, averaging 6 inches in length and 3 inches 

 in breadth. Buds like those of P. Laricio, but darker brown in colour. Young 

 branchlets glaucous. Leaves in pairs, persisting five or six years, densely covering 

 the branchlets, except at the base of each year's shoot, which is bare for a short 

 distance, forming an apical cup-like tuft, and on the rest of the branchlet directed 

 forwards and slightly outwards ; the two leaves in each bundle only slightly 

 divergent ; dark green, stiff, short, 2 to 3 inches in length, ending in a sharp carti- 

 laginous point ; basal-sheaths as in P. Laricio. According to Koehne,* the structure 

 of the leaf differs from P. Laricio in the resin-canals not being surrounded by stereome 

 cells ; and Masters states that the hypoderm projects in wedge-shaped masses into 

 the substance of the leaf, which is not the case generally in forms of Laricio. 



Cones short-stalked, ovoid-conic, with a flat base, about 3 inches long, resembling 

 generally those of Laricio, but differing in the uniform dull brown colour of the 

 whole cone, the umbo being of the same colour as the rest of the apophysis. The 

 lower scales of the cone have very prominent pyramidal apophyses, and the umbo 

 has a well-marked short spine directed backwards. Concealed part of the scales 

 light brown on both surfaces. Seeds as in P. Laricio. (A. H.) 



Pinus leucodermis was discovered in 1864 by Maly, who introduced it into 

 cultivation the same year in the Belvidere, Vienna. The best account of the tree is 

 given by Beck, who considers it to be specifically distinct from Laricio, and names 

 it the Panzerfohre or Smre of the Herzegovinians. It is found in four distinct areas 

 in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Montenegro ; and as the most southerly of these is on 

 the Montenegro-Albanian frontier (lat. 42^ 25'), it is probable that it also grows on 

 the Peristeri ^ mountain, which lies west of Monastir in Albania. The most northerly 

 locality (lat. 43 40'), where it was discovered by Beck, is the Prenj Planina in the 

 heart of Herzegovina. Here it occupies an area of about sixty kilometres in 

 diameter, surrounding the western part of the Bjelasnica mountain, and forms a 

 coniferous belt at from 4600 to 5500 feet elevation, rising solitary or in small groups 

 to 5800 feet. Another area is the Bjela Gora, where the political boundaries of 

 Bosnia, Montenegro, and Herzegovina unite around Mount Orjen. Reiser found it 

 also in the Sinjavina Planina in Montenegro. Its occurrence in Servia is not yet 

 established. 



' Deutsche Dendrologie, 37 (1893). 

 * This must not be confused with another mountain of the same name, east of Janina in the Pindus range. 



